Effects of Long-Term Moderate-Intensity Exercise on Autonomic Nervous System Dysfunction Induced by Cardiac...

Area of Science:

• Cardiology
• Exercise Physiology
• Neuroscience

Background:

• Aging global population increases cardiovascular disease (CVD) burden.
• Cardiac neurovascular interface and autonomic nervous system (ANS) dysfunction are linked to aging and CVD.
• Moderate exercise shows potential for improving ANS function and reducing CVD risk.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review exercise effects on the cardiac neurovascular interface and ANS function.
• To differentiate the impacts of aerobic and anaerobic exercise on cardiac health.
• To highlight exercise as a strategy for mitigating CVD risk.

Main Methods:

• Literature review focusing on exercise interventions and cardiac health.
• Analysis of studies examining aerobic vs. anaerobic exercise effects.
• Evaluation of exercise impact on heart rate variability, autonomic regulation, oxidative stress, and inflammation.

Main Results:

• Exercise enhances heart rate variability and autonomic cardiac regulation.
• Exercise reduces oxidative stress and inflammation, improving cardiac function.
• High-intensity interval and combination training benefit the cardiac neurovascular interface and cardiac repair.

Conclusions:

• Exercise positively modulates the cardiac neurovascular interface and ANS function.
• Aerobic and anaerobic exercise, especially in combination or high-intensity intervals, promote cardiac health and repair.
• Future research should prioritize personalized exercise interventions and biomarker identification for enhanced clinical application.