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Biomechanical Analysis Methods to Assess Professional Badminton Players' Lunge Performance

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Biomechanical Differences Between Ipsilateral and Contralateral Change-Of- Direction Movements Using the Same

Chi-Hsien Chen¹, Mingchia Yeh², Chiang Liu^3,4

¹Department of Kinesiology, Iowa State University, IA, USA.

Journal of Sports Science & Medicine

|November 10, 2025

Summary

Ipsilateral change-of-direction (COD) movements show shorter ground contact times and lower forces than contralateral COD. This suggests unique biomechanical strategies influence injury risk and sport performance.

Keywords:

Symmetric movement cutting movement ground reaction force movement of relativity rang of motion

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Published on: May 26, 2020

Area of Science:

Biomechanics
Sports Science
Kinesiology

Background:

Change-of-direction (COD) movements are crucial for athletic performance and injury prediction.
Contralateral COD (contra-COD) has been extensively studied, but ipsilateral COD (ipsi-COD) mechanics remain less understood.
Understanding ipsi-COD is vital for a comprehensive analysis of athletic movements.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate and compare the kinetic and kinematic parameters of the planting foot during ipsi-COD and contra-COD movements.
To identify differences in biomechanical variables between ipsi-COD and contra-COD in team sport athletes.

Main Methods:

29 recreational team sport players performed 60° ipsi-COD and contra-COD movements.
Three-dimensional motion capture and force plate systems were used to collect biomechanical data.
Analysis focused on contact time, joint range of motion, ground reaction forces, and impulse.

Main Results:

Ipsi-COD movements exhibited a 6% shorter contact time compared to contra-COD.
Ipsi-COD showed significantly greater ankle pronation-supination range (+27%) but smaller inversion-eversion (-19%) and plantarflexion-dorsiflexion (-37%) ranges.
Lower ground reaction forces and impulse values were observed during ipsi-COD compared to contra-COD.

Conclusions:

The lower limb's musculoskeletal structure may facilitate greater eversion during ipsi-COD, resulting in a more rounded movement path.
Differences in contact time, ankle ROM, and ground forces in ipsi-COD are likely due to joint alignment, force application, and movement strategies.
Findings offer new insights into COD mechanics, relevant for injury risk assessment and performance enhancement.