Diffuse pneumatosis intestinalis caused by food protein-induced enterocolitis-a case report
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View abstract on PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.Pneumatosis intestinalis (PI), a condition with gas in the intestinal wall, can occur in full-term infants. Food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome (FPIES) was identified as a rare cause in a neonate, highlighting the need for broader differential diagnoses.
Area Of Science
- Pediatric Gastroenterology
- Neonatal Medicine
- Allergy and Immunology
Background
- Pneumatosis intestinalis (PI) is gas in the intestinal wall, often linked to necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in preterm infants.
- PI can occur in term infants and older children, with diverse causes requiring broad differential diagnoses.
- Food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome (FPIES) is a non-IgE-mediated gastrointestinal food allergy, typically presenting in infancy, with severe complications like PI being rare.
Purpose Of The Study
- To report a rare case of PI in a full-term neonate.
- To investigate the etiology of PI in a term infant.
- To highlight FPIES as a potential cause of PI in neonates.
Main Methods
- Case report of a full-term female neonate presenting with vomiting and bloody stools.
- Clinical assessment including metabolic acidosis and elevated lactate.
- Imaging studies demonstrating diffuse PI, conservative management with bowel rest and total parenteral nutrition, and introduction of an amino acid-based formula.
Main Results
- The neonate presented with clinical signs of distress and diffuse PI without perforation.
- Conservative management led to clinical improvement and resolution of PI on follow-up imaging.
- An amino acid-based formula was well-tolerated, with no recurrence of symptoms.
Conclusions
- PI in term infants beyond the neonatal period necessitates a wide differential diagnosis.
- Food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome (FPIES) secondary to cow's milk protein (CMP) should be suspected when other diagnoses are excluded.
- This case underscores FPIES as a rare but significant cause of severe gastrointestinal manifestations, including PI, in neonates.
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