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Related Concept Videos

Traumatic Memory01:20

Traumatic Memory

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Emotionally traumatic events often lead to memories that are exceptionally vivid and enduring, sometimes persisting with remarkable clarity throughout an individual's life. A classic example of this phenomenon is a person who survives a car accident. Even years later, they may recall every detail of the event with startling accuracy — the screeching of the tires, the jarring impact, and the acrid smell of burning rubber. Such vividness contrasts sharply with how an individual...
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Post-traumatic Stress Disorder01:27

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Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a psychiatric condition that arises following exposure to traumatic events such as natural disasters, forced displacement, or severe accidents. It significantly impairs individuals' ability to cope with daily activities and disrupts their emotional and psychological equilibrium.
Symptoms and Behavioral Manifestations
A spectrum of distressing symptoms characterizes PTSD. Recurrent flashbacks, where individuals involuntarily relive traumatic events,...
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Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy Neuropathologic Change in Military Veterans.

Grant L Iverson1,2,3,4,5, Pouya Jamshidi6, Amy Deep-Soboslay7

  • 1Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, United States.

Military Medicine
|November 10, 2025
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Research on chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) in military veterans shows no definitive cases, with only some exhibiting CTE neuropathologic change (CTE-NC) features. Further study is needed to understand CTE prevalence and diagnosis in veterans.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Neuropathology
  • Military Medicine

Background:

  • A 2015 meeting identified needs for research on chronic traumatic encephalopathy neuropathologic change (CTE-NC) and clinical diagnostic criteria.
  • Recent studies have addressed these priorities, yielding significant findings.
  • This commentary reviews progress and presents new data on CTE-NC in military veterans.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent research on CTE neuropathologic change (CTE-NC) and clinical diagnostic criteria.
  • To present new data on CTE-NC in military veterans using brain repository samples.
  • To assess the prevalence and characteristics of CTE-NC in a cohort of civilian and veteran brain donors.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recently published studies on CTE.
  • Analysis of brain tissue samples from the Lieber Institute for Brain Development repository.
  • Screening of 163 male brain donors (70 military veterans) for definitive CTE-NC or features of CTE-NC.

Main Results:

  • No cases of definitive CTE-NC were found in the studied cohort.
  • Features of CTE-NC were identified in 4.3% of civilians and 7.1% of military veterans.
  • CTE-NC was not associated with depression, suicidality, anxiety, irritability, or other behavioral issues.

Conclusions:

  • The prevalence of CTE-NC in military veterans remains unclear; it may be uncommon.
  • Validated clinical diagnostic criteria for CTE are still lacking.
  • Current evidence does not link CTE-NC to specific psychiatric or behavioral conditions.