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Related Concept Videos

Myocarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests01:27

Myocarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

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Myocarditis is an inflammation of the heart muscle. The symptoms vary widely, encompassing asymptomatic presentations to severe, acute manifestations.Clinical PresentationAsymptomatic cases: In some instances, myocarditis may be asymptomatic, with the infection resolving without intervention. These cases often go undetected unless discovered incidentally through diagnostic imaging or tests conducted for other reasons.General Early Symptoms: Early symptoms of myocarditis are non-specific and can...
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Radiological Investigation III: Pulmonary Angiogram and PET Scan01:13

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Radiological investigations are paramount in the diagnosis and management of various pulmonary diseases. Two essential investigations are the Pulmonary Angiogram and the Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Scan.
Pulmonary Angiogram
A Pulmonary Angiogram is an invasive procedure involving injecting a contrast medium through a catheter threaded into the pulmonary artery or the right side of the heart to visualize the pulmonary vasculature. Computed Tomography (CT) scans have mainly replaced this...
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Cardiomyopathy IV: Restrictive Cardiomyopathy01:29

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Restrictive cardiomyopathy (RCM) is a rare heart muscle disease characterized by impaired ventricular filling due to stiffened ventricular walls, leading to significant diastolic dysfunction.EtiologyRestrictive cardiomyopathy can arise from both inherited and acquired diseases, many of which are systemic. It is categorized into four main types: infiltrative, storage, non-infiltrative, and endomyocardial diseases.Infiltrative diseases, such as amyloidosis, lead to RCM by depositing amyloid...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 11, 2026

High-Resolution Cardiac Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography for Small Animals
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Microvascular Dysfunction Assessed by 82 Rb PET/CT as a Diagnostic Tool of Chronic Active Myocarditis.

Matthieu Bailly1,2, Aurélie Sannier3,4, Phalla Ou5,6

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Immune checkpoint blockers can cause immune-related myocarditis. This case highlights microvascular dysfunction in chronic active myocarditis using advanced imaging techniques like PET/CT.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Immunology
  • Nuclear Medicine

Background:

  • Immune-related myocarditis is a potential complication of immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy.
  • Diagnosis can be challenging, especially in chronic presentations.
  • Myocardial perfusion abnormalities are key indicators.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report a case of immune-related myocarditis presenting as angina.
  • To illustrate the utility of advanced imaging in diagnosing chronic active myocarditis.
  • To emphasize microvascular dysfunction in this condition.

Main Methods:

  • Case report of a 66-year-old male treated with immune checkpoint blockers for multiple myeloma.
  • [82Rb]Rubidium PET/CT for myocardial blood flow and reserve assessment.
  • [68Ga]Ga-DOTATOC PET/CT and cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) for detailed cardiac evaluation, confirmed by histology.

Main Results:

  • Normal coronary angiography despite angina symptoms.
  • Diffuse abnormal stress myocardial blood flow and reserve detected by [82Rb]Rubidium PET/CT.
  • Evidence of chronic calcified myocarditis on [68Ga]Ga-DOTATOC PET/CT, CMR, and histology.

Conclusions:

  • Immune-related myocarditis can present insidiously with microvascular dysfunction.
  • PET/CT and CMR are valuable tools for diagnosing chronic active myocarditis.
  • Early recognition of microvascular dysfunction is crucial for managing immune-related adverse events.