[Semicircular canal dehiscence syndrome: a variety of complaints and treatment difficulties]

The syndrome of the third mobile window of the semicircular canals (or Minor's syndrome) is a degeneration of the bone wall of the upper semicircular canal, first described by L. Minor in 1998. This is a rare lesion of the inner ear, which is characterized by hearing impairment and vestibular manifestations. The presence of bone wall degeneration of the semicircular canal in 50% of patients can be detected during a standard CT scan of the temporal bone (in 1 mm increments) in the frontal (coronary) projection or in the oblique coronary projection in the PC plane. Minor syndrome occurs in only 2% of the population, however, it is possible that the disease is more common. Although the disease has been studied since 1929, consideration of new cases of this syndrome has made it possible to expand information about the clinical signs and methods of their control. Clinical manifestations are divided in to two main groups: auditory and vestibular disorders. However, cognitive impairments in this group of patients and headache associated with the syndrome have also been described. The severity of clinical signs is also very variable. The variety of clinical signs and the insufficient possibilities of their quantitative accounting limit the clinician in choosing the optimal treatment strategy, which led to the study of available materials on this disease. The purpose of this work is to investigate the most common clinical signs of the syndrome and current recommendations for the treatment of patients with this pathology. The article provides a literature review of Pub Med, Medline, Springer, eLibrary databases, as well as relevant Russian scientific articles found using Google Scholar. The relevant information obtained is combined, structured and analyzed in order to study the representation of auditory and vestibular disorders in this group of patients, and the proposed treatment algorithms for this pathology. The use of the proposed diagnostic criteria for this syndrome, the study of several uniquely formulated complaints of patients hiding vestibular and auditory disorders, verification of clinical signs using computed tomography methods will make it possible to identify the disease as quickly as possible, and the use of a stepwise algorithm for monitoring and treatment will improve the quality of life of this group of patients.