Downregulated miR-363-5p causes recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) by regulating the S100A1 expression

Area of Science:

• Reproductive biology
• Molecular diagnostics
• Biomarker discovery

Background:

• Recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) presents complex challenges in treatment and management.
• Identifying reliable biomarkers for RSA is crucial for early diagnosis and intervention.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate miR-363-5p as a potential diagnostic biomarker for RSA.
• To investigate the role of miR-363-5p in the pathophysiology of RSA.

Main Methods:

• Serum samples from RSA patients (n=68) and healthy controls (n=97) were analyzed for miR-363-5p expression.
• In vitro studies used the HTR-8/SVneo cell line to assess cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis.
• qRT-PCR and dual-luciferase reporter assays were employed to confirm molecular interactions.

Main Results:

• miR-363-5p expression was significantly downregulated in RSA patients compared to controls.
• miR-363-5p promoted trophoblast cell proliferation, migration, and invasion while inhibiting apoptosis.
• S100A1 was identified as a direct target of miR-363-5p, mediating its effects on trophoblast cell function.

Conclusions:

• Downregulated serum miR-363-5p shows potential as a diagnostic biomarker for RSA.
• miR-363-5p influences RSA by targeting S100A1 and regulating extravillous trophoblast (EVT) cell functions.
• miR-363-5p may offer a dual role in diagnosing and potentially treating RSA.