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Related Concept Videos

Porosity in Cement Paste01:18

Porosity in Cement Paste

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The porosity of concrete is a measure of the void spaces within its structure. These spaces impact its strength and durability significantly. When water and cement interact, a chemical reaction called hydration creates a semi-solid paste. This paste includes combined water, making up approximately 23% of the cement's dry mass, and gel water, which fills minuscule voids known as gel pores, accounting for about 28% of the cement gel volume.
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Preplaced Aggregate Concrete01:29

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Preplaced aggregate concrete is ideal for construction environments that are not easily accessible. The process begins by properly wetting the gap-graded coarse aggregates to remove the dirt, then placing it in the form and compacting it. Voids are filled with a mortar mix pumped under pressure through slotted pipes. This mortar typically consists of Portland cement, pozzolan, fine aggregates, water, and a fluidizing aid. The pozzolan helps reduce bleeding and segregation while improving the...
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Concrete finishing starts immediately after the concrete has been placed and consolidated. The initial step, screeding, involves leveling the concrete surface by removing excess material to flush it with the formwork's top. Following this, bull float or darby are employed to smooth the surface further, effectively lower high spots, fill low areas, and ensure larger aggregate particles are embedded within the concrete. This preparation is critical before the appearance of bleed water, as its...
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Accelerating concrete curing is achieved by applying heat and additional moisture. This process accelerates the hydration of the cement, resulting in an earlier strength gain in the concrete. Steam curing is a method wherein the concrete products are either transported through a chamber on a conveyor belt or encased in plastic, allowing steam at atmospheric pressure to circulate freely around them. This process begins with a phase of moist curing that typically lasts between 3 to 5 hours, after...
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Concrete in large quantities can be pumped across long distances for placing in inaccessible sites. This system comprises a hopper that receives concrete from a mixer, a pump to propel the concrete, and pipelines that facilitate its delivery.
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Composite masonry walls combine multiple wythes of the same or different masonry materials to create a unified structure. These walls feature wythes that are bonded together either through mortar-filled collar joints, grouted spaces, or more commonly, with rigid metal ties and reinforcements, with the use of masonry header units being rare. Metal ties are preferred because they effectively minimize water penetration, as these walls primarily absorb moisture and then release it into the...
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Reusing Impression Copings.

Saeid Saeidyan1, Sahithya Sakhamuri2, Ashley Tai2

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Summary

Reusing single-use dental implant components like impression copings can reduce costs and waste. However, evidence on the clinical success, safety, and accuracy of reusing these parts remains mixed, requiring careful consideration.

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Area of Science:

  • Dental Implantology
  • Biomaterials Science
  • Restorative Dentistry

Background:

  • Rising costs of implant components necessitate exploring cost-saving strategies in dental practice.
  • Traditional single-use components (impression copings, healing abutments, cover screws) are vital for implant accuracy and patient safety.
  • Sustainability and waste reduction are growing concerns in modern dentistry.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review the literature on the reuse of single-use dental implant components.
  • To assess the biological safety, mechanical integrity, accuracy, cost-effectiveness, and sustainability of reusing these components.
  • To provide an evidence-based evaluation of the viability of reusing impression copings, healing abutments, and cover screws.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of publications from the last ten years in the PubMed database.
  • Analysis focused on resterilization efficacy, accuracy of reuse, and reported biological or mechanical consequences.
  • Included 17 articles meeting specific criteria out of 30 initially reviewed.

Main Results:

  • Findings present mixed evidence regarding the clinical success rates and safety of reusing dental implant components.
  • Notable considerations include the actual cost-effectiveness and long-term sustainability of such practices.
  • Variability in sterilization efficacy and potential impact on mechanical integrity were observed.

Conclusions:

  • The reuse of single-use dental implant components presents a complex balance between potential cost savings and unresolved safety and efficacy concerns.
  • Further research is needed to establish definitive guidelines for the safe and effective reuse of these critical components.
  • Clinicians must weigh the current evidence on viability, cost-effectiveness, and sustainability before adopting reuse protocols.