Design and biological evaluation of peptide disruptors targeting YAP1-TEAD interaction for oral cancer

Yue Wu1, Hao Yang2, Xianglei Zhang2

  • 1Department of Oral Maxillofacial-Head Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology; Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, 200011, China.

BMC Oral Health
|November 11, 2025
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

We designed peptide disruptors to block the YAP1-TEAD interaction, crucial in oral cancer progression. These disruptors effectively inhibited oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cell migration and invasion, offering a new therapeutic strategy.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Computational Chemistry

Background:

  • The Yes associated protein 1 - TEA domain transcription factor (YAP1-TEAD) interaction is implicated in oral cancer progression.
  • A lack of direct YAP1-TEAD interaction disruptors and their specific effects in oral cancer necessitates further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To rationally design peptide disruptors targeting the YAP1-TEAD protein interaction using computational methods.
  • To explore the effects of directly disrupting the YAP1-TEAD interaction in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).

Main Methods:

  • Peptide-based computational residue scanning was used to design YAP1-TEAD interaction disruptors.
  • Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and surface plasmon resonance (SPR) assays assessed binding affinity and stability.
  • Developed disruptors were applied to OSCC cell lines to evaluate their biological effects.

Main Results:

  • YAP1, TEADs, and downstream targets were upregulated in OSCC tissues.
  • Two optimized peptide disruptors, YTPD9 and YTPD11, showed significantly higher binding affinities than wildtype YAP1.
  • These disruptors limited OSCC cell proliferation but effectively inhibited migration and invasion.

Conclusions:

  • A series of peptide disruptors targeting the YAP1-TEAD interaction were successfully developed using computational and in vitro methods.
  • Direct disruption of the YAP1-TEAD interaction primarily impacts the migration and invasion capabilities of oral cancer cells.