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Ultrasmooth Ge/Mo2C multilayers with low interface diffusion at 46.5 nm.

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    A new Germanium/Molybdenum carbide multilayer mirror offers high stability for solar observation at 46.5 nm. This alternative to reactive Scandium-based mirrors promises longer lifetimes for sensitive space payloads.

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    Area of Science:

    • Materials Science
    • Optical Engineering
    • Astrophysics

    Background:

    • Scandium-based multilayers are standard for 46.5 nm solar observation but suffer from chemical reactivity and limited stability.
    • The reactivity of Scandium poses a risk to the long-term performance and reliability of optical instruments.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop a novel multilayer mirror with enhanced stability and longevity for solar observation at 46.5 nm.
    • To investigate Germanium/Molybdenum carbide (Ge/Mo2C) as a potential alternative to Scandium-based mirrors.

    Main Methods:

    • Fabrication of a Ge/Mo2C multilayer structure with a Germanium seed layer.
    • Characterization of interface diffusion and root-mean-square (RMS) surface roughness.
    • Measurement of reflectivity at 46.5 nm.

    Main Results:

    • The Ge seed layer improved wetting, resulting in low interface diffusion (0.8 nm) and surface roughness (0.18 nm RMS).
    • The Ge/Mo2C multilayer achieved a high reflectivity of 30.3% at 46.5 nm.
    • Mo2C nanocrystal generation and impact were analyzed.

    Conclusions:

    • The Ge/Mo2C multilayer demonstrates superior stability and a promising long lifetime for space applications.
    • This material pair is a strong candidate for EUV optical systems operating at 46.5 nm.
    • The study addresses the limitations of Sc-based mirrors in extreme ultraviolet optics.