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A Photonic System for Generating Unconditional Polarization-Entangled Photons Based on Multiple Quantum Interference

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Simultaneous/same-frequency/bidirectional terahertz vortex beam and beam-splitting generator.

Jiu-Sheng Li, Feng-Lei Guo, Ri-Hui Xiong

|November 11, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed a novel metasurface for terahertz vortex beam generation and splitting. This device simultaneously creates and divides terahertz beams without external condition changes, enabling advanced terahertz applications.

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Area of Science:

Metamaterials
Terahertz (THz) Photonics
Optoelectronics

Background:

Terahertz (THz) waves offer unique properties for various applications.
Generating and manipulating THz beams, especially vortex beams, is crucial for advanced optical systems.
Existing methods often require complex setups or external condition adjustments.

Purpose of the Study:

To propose a novel metasurface for simultaneous bidirectional terahertz vortex beam generation and splitting.
To achieve these functionalities at the same frequency without altering external conditions.
To explore the potential of this device in future terahertz technologies.

Main Methods:

Design and fabrication of a five-layer metasurface incorporating vanadium dioxide (VO2) and a double-C metal pattern.
Utilizing coding particles with rotatable dual-C metal patterns to control reflection and transmission coefficients and phase.
Investigating the metasurface's response to left circularly polarized (LCP) waves at 0.9 THz.

Main Results:

The metasurface successfully generated transmitted and reflected terahertz vortex beams with topological charges of l=-1 and l=-2.
The device demonstrated beam splitting capabilities, producing binary- and quaternary-beams.
All functionalities were achieved simultaneously at 0.9 THz without changing external conditions.

Conclusions:

The proposed metasurface offers a novel and efficient solution for simultaneous terahertz vortex beam generation and splitting.
The design demonstrates significant potential for applications in terahertz wave stealth, beam manipulation, and wavelength division multiplexing.
This work advances the development of integrated terahertz optical components.