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UV–Vis Spectrometers01:14

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The absorbance of UV and visible (UV–visible) radiations is measured using a UV–visible spectrophotometer. Deuterium lamps, which emit UV radiation, and tungsten lamps, which produce radiation in the visible region, are used as light sources in UV–visible spectrophotometers. A monochromator or prism is used for diffraction grating, i.e., to split the incoming radiation into different wavelengths. A system of slits is used to focus the desired wavelength on the sample cell.
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Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Instrumentation01:22

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Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) is the common plasma source used in atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), a technique that detects and analyzes various elements in a sample. This method is often called inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES).
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    Area of Science:

    • Physical Chemistry
    • Spectroscopy
    • Aerospace Engineering

    Background:

    • Shock-heated experiments require high-sensitivity diagnostics.
    • Traditional laser absorption spectroscopy (LAS) faces limitations in sensitivity for transient species.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • Introduce a new facility, the ring-amplified shock tube (RAST), for enhanced laser absorption spectroscopy.
    • Improve sensitivity and diagnostic flexibility in shock-heated experiments.

    Main Methods:

    • Integrated a confocal, segmented circular multi-pass cell (SC-MPC) into the RAST.
    • Achieved selectable optical pathlengths from 0.15 m to 11 m.
    • Performed multi-wavelength, variable-gain absorption measurements.

    Main Results:

    • Demonstrated high-sensitivity measurements of O2, O, N2, and N species.
    • Confirmed robust beam alignment, low cavity noise, and minimal emission interference.
    • Achieved previously undetectable absorption transitions at target conditions.

    Conclusions:

    • The RAST design significantly improves sensitivity for shock-heated spectroscopy.
    • Offers enhanced diagnostic flexibility for kinetics and spectroscopy applications.
    • Enables precise measurements of key species in high-temperature environments.