Generation of terahertz generalized perfect vortex beams in various spatial modes

Area of Science:

• Optics and Photonics
• Terahertz Technology
• Information Encoding

Background:

• Vortex beams carry orbital angular momentum, enabling advanced optical applications.
• Terahertz (THz) frequencies offer unique properties for communication and sensing.
• Generalized perfect vortex beams (GPVBs) provide enhanced control over beam characteristics.

Purpose of the Study:

• To propose and experimentally demonstrate a flexible approach for generating terahertz (THz) generalized perfect vortex beams (GPVBs).
• To showcase the manipulation of geometrical characteristics and topological charges of THz GPVBs.
• To explore the potential of THz GPVBs in high-capacity communication systems.

Main Methods:

• Constructing amplitude and phase profiles for THz GPVBs based on predefined trajectories and topological charges.
• Utilizing a modified dual-constraint Gerchberg-Saxton algorithm to compute pure phase holograms.
• Fabricating phase hologram plates for experimental realization of THz GPVBs.

Main Results:

• Successful experimental generation of THz GPVBs in various spatial modes, including single, multiplexed, coaxial, and arrayed curve modes.
• Demonstration of flexible manipulation and customization of geometrical characteristics and carried topological charges.
• Validation of the proposed approach for creating tailored THz GPVBs.

Conclusions:

• The proposed flexible approach enables precise control over THz GPVBs.
• THz GPVBs can be customized for specific applications by manipulating their properties.
• These engineered THz GPVBs are highly suitable for future high-capacity THz mode-division multiplexing communications.