Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Electromagnetic Wave Equation01:24

Electromagnetic Wave Equation

2.1K
Maxwell's equations for electromagnetic fields are related to source charges, either static or moving. These fields act on a test charge, whose trajectory can thus be determined using suitable boundary conditions. The objective of electromagnetism is thus theoretically complete.
However, although electric and magnetic fields were first introduced as mathematical constructs to simplify the description of mutual forces between charges, a natural question emerges from Maxwell's equations:...
2.1K
Plane Electromagnetic Waves II01:29

Plane Electromagnetic Waves II

4.0K
Consider a plane wavefront traveling in position x-direction with a constant speed. This wavefront can be utilized to obtain the relationship between electric and magnetic fields with the help of Faraday's law.
4.0K
Plane Electromagnetic Waves I01:30

Plane Electromagnetic Waves I

4.9K
The existence of combined electric and magnetic fields that propagate through space as electromagnetic (EM) waves is the most significant prediction of Maxwell's equations. As Maxwell's equations hold in free space, the predicted electromagnetic waves do not require a medium for their propagation. An EM wave comprises an electric field, defined as the force per charge on a stationary charge, and a magnetic field, which is the force per charge on a moving charge.
The EM field is assumed to be a...
4.9K
Electromagnetic Waves01:30

Electromagnetic Waves

11.0K
James Clerk Maxwell formulated a single theory combining all the electric and magnetic effects scientists knew during that time, calling the phenomena his theory predicted “Electromagnetic waves”. He brought together all the work that had been done by brilliant physicists such as Oersted, Coulomb, Gauss, and Faraday and added his own insights to develop the overarching theory of electromagnetism. Maxwell’s equations, combined with the Lorentz force law, encompass all the laws...
11.0K
Propagation Speed of Electromagnetic Waves01:30

Propagation Speed of Electromagnetic Waves

4.6K
Electromagnetic waves are consistent with Ampere's law. Assuming there is no conduction current Ampere's law is given as:
4.6K
Electromagnetic Fields01:30

Electromagnetic Fields

2.7K
Electric fields generated by static charges, often referred to as electrostatic fields, are characteristically different from electric fields created by time-varying magnetic fields. While the former is a conservative field, implying that no net work is done on a test charge if it goes around in a complete loop in the field, the latter is, by definition, not a conservative field; net work is done, and it is proportional to the rate of change of magnetic flux.
However, the observation of...
2.7K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Developing a Decision-Support Tool to Improve the Performance and Sustainability of Cow-Calf Grazing Systems Using Satellite Remote Sensing and Mechanistic Nutrition Models.

Animals : an open access journal from MDPI·2026
Same author

Arbitrary geometry electromagnetic spatiotemporal vortices from phase velocity shearing.

Optics express·2026
Same author

Evaluating dose-response patterns of a tannin extract blend on nutrient utilization and methane emissions in beef cattle.

Journal of animal science·2026
Same author

Dose-response effects of a mixed condensed and hydrolyzable tannin extract on methane production and diet digestibility using the in vitro gas production technique.

Journal of animal science·2025
Same author

Forages and Pastures Symposium: revisiting mechanisms, methods, and models for altering forage cell wall utilization for ruminants.

Journal of animal science·2023
Same author

Effects of supplementation rate of an extruded dried distillers' grains cube fed to growing heifers on voluntary intake and digestibility of bermudagrass hay.

Journal of animal science·2022
Same journal

Denoising algorithm of Φ-OTDR systems based on adaptive fractional wavelet transform denoising.

Optics express·2026
Same journal

Millisecond photon-to-photon latency and high-speed volumetric projection system for optogenetics.

Optics express·2026
Same journal

Polarization-encoded coaxial structured light for high-precision 3D surface profilometry.

Optics express·2026
Same journal

Discrete freeform optical design based on collaborative optimization of point cloud and local normals.

Optics express·2026
Same journal

Ultrafast ghost imaging with 25 GHz speckle switching and wavelength-division multiplexing.

Optics express·2026
Same journal

Atomic vapor cells fabricated by femtosecond laser welding of standard-optical-quality glass.

Optics express·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 11, 2026

External Excitation of Neurons Using Electric and Magnetic Fields in One- and Two-dimensional Cultures
08:32

External Excitation of Neurons Using Electric and Magnetic Fields in One- and Two-dimensional Cultures

Published on: May 7, 2017

13.9K

Three-dimensional arbitrary electromagnetic fields and temporal propagation.

Jordan M Adams, Daniel M Heligman

    Optics Express
    |November 11, 2025
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Researchers discovered transient 3D electromagnetic fields as solutions to Maxwell's equations. A new equation predicts field evolution, enabling control over complex electromagnetic field generation for advanced applications.

    More Related Videos

    Finite Element Modelling of a Cellular Electric Microenvironment
    08:23

    Finite Element Modelling of a Cellular Electric Microenvironment

    Published on: May 18, 2021

    3.9K
    Electric and Magnetic Field Devices for Stimulation of Biological Tissues
    13:29

    Electric and Magnetic Field Devices for Stimulation of Biological Tissues

    Published on: May 15, 2021

    5.6K

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Jan 11, 2026

    External Excitation of Neurons Using Electric and Magnetic Fields in One- and Two-dimensional Cultures
    08:32

    External Excitation of Neurons Using Electric and Magnetic Fields in One- and Two-dimensional Cultures

    Published on: May 7, 2017

    13.9K
    Finite Element Modelling of a Cellular Electric Microenvironment
    08:23

    Finite Element Modelling of a Cellular Electric Microenvironment

    Published on: May 18, 2021

    3.9K
    Electric and Magnetic Field Devices for Stimulation of Biological Tissues
    13:29

    Electric and Magnetic Field Devices for Stimulation of Biological Tissues

    Published on: May 15, 2021

    5.6K

    Area of Science:

    • Physics
    • Electromagnetism
    • Optics

    Background:

    • Maxwell's equations govern classical electromagnetism.
    • Generating arbitrary 3D electromagnetic fields is crucial for applications like optical trapping and microscopy.
    • Controlling the spatio-temporal evolution of electromagnetic fields remains a challenge.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To demonstrate that arbitrary 3D electromagnetic fields are transient solutions to Maxwell's equations.
    • To provide a method for predicting the time evolution of these fields.
    • To enable the creation of specific 3D electromagnetic field configurations.

    Main Methods:

    • Solving Maxwell's equations for transient field solutions.
    • Utilizing superposition of fields with initial phase.
    • Applying phase optimization algorithms for input signal modulation.
    • Determining the required input wavepacket for a focusing lens.

    Main Results:

    • Arbitrary 3D electromagnetic fields are identified as transient solutions.
    • A simple equation is derived to describe field time evolution.
    • Superposition with initial phase allows realization of multiple fields at different times.
    • Phase-only modulation enables efficient input signal design.

    Conclusions:

    • Transient solutions to Maxwell's equations offer a pathway to arbitrary 3D electromagnetic field generation.
    • The derived equation provides predictive control over field dynamics.
    • This work facilitates the creation of complex electromagnetic fields for diverse scientific and technological applications.