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Plug-and-play solution for characterizing two-way optical frequency transfer over free-space.

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    We developed a portable system for characterizing free-space optical frequency transfer links. This technology achieves high fractional frequency instability, enabling precise optical clock comparisons over distances.

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    Area of Science:

    • Physics
    • Metrology
    • Optical Engineering

    Background:

    • Optical clock networks require precise frequency transfer for advanced research.
    • Free-space optical frequency transfer offers a solution for extending connectivity beyond fiber optics.
    • Satellite links hold potential for global optical clock network coverage.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To present a compact, portable, and robust system for characterizing two-way free-space optical frequency transfer links.
    • To demonstrate the system's plug-and-play capabilities for easy integration and field deployment.
    • To assess the performance of free-space optical frequency transfer over a significant distance.

    Main Methods:

    • Development of a compact, rack-integrated, two-way free-space link characterization system.
    • Utilizing plug-and-play components for simplified interfacing and rapid deployment.
    • Conducting experiments over a 3.4 km horizontal intra-city free-space link.

    Main Results:

    • Achieved a fractional frequency instability of 2.0 × 10-19 at 10 s averaging time.
    • Demonstrated a system uptime of 94% over a 15-hour period.
    • Successfully characterized a 3.4 km free-space optical link.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed system is reliable and effective for high-precision optical frequency comparisons over free-space.
    • The portable nature and plug-and-play design facilitate field experiments and broader deployment.
    • This technology advances the potential for robust optical clock networks beyond fiber-optic limitations.