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    This study introduces a novel terahertz (THz) phase shifting technique using spatially-resolved photoconductivity modulation (SRPM) for high-performance, broadband applications. The method achieves continuous phase tuning with minimal reflection loss, enabling advanced wireless communication systems.

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    Area of Science:

    • Terahertz (THz) technology
    • Optoelectronics
    • Materials science

    Background:

    • Terahertz (THz) phase shifters are crucial for advanced wireless communication and sensing.
    • Current THz phase shifting technologies face limitations in performance, bandwidth, and design flexibility.
    • The need for efficient, broadband, and reconfigurable THz devices is increasing for next-generation applications.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop and demonstrate a novel, high-performance, and broadband THz phase shifting approach.
    • To investigate the efficacy of spatially-resolved photoconductivity modulation (SRPM) for continuous phase tuning.
    • To design and simulate a photonically-driven THz phase shifter for WR-5.1 waveguide applications.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized a hybrid Au-Ge mesa-array (AGMA) structure and an indium tin oxide (ITO) layer for local photoconductivity modulation.
    • Employed computer-generated light patterns from a micro-LED array for SRPM, eliminating the need for biasing circuitry.
    • Designed, modeled, and simulated a WR-5.1 waveguide-based THz phase shifting device with a 12x6 unit cell mesa-array.

    Main Results:

    • Achieved pseudo-continuous and broadband THz phase shifting across the entire WR-5.1 band (140-220 GHz).
    • Demonstrated a phase tuning range of 0° to -180° at 180 GHz with minimal reflection loss (<1 dB).
    • Showcased fine phase tuning steps as small as ~0.05° using specific light pattern combinations.

    Conclusions:

    • The SRPM approach offers a novel and unique method for high-performance THz phase shifting.
    • The proposed technology provides superior design flexibility and frequency scalability compared to existing methods due to the absence of biasing wires.
    • This technology is highly promising for developing large-scale THz phased-arrays and reconfigurable devices for 6G and beyond wireless communications.