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Optical Detection of E. coli Bacteria by Mesoporous Silicon Biosensors
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Porous silicon photonic crystal-based interferometric chemical sensor.

Ivan Ivanov, Valeriy Skryshevsky, Ali Belarouci

    Optics Express
    |November 11, 2025
    PubMed
    Summary

    This study presents a fast, low-cost interferometric chemical sensor using porous silicon photonic crystals. The sensor accurately detects analytes like ethanol by analyzing reflectance spectra, offering enhanced sensitivity for specific applications.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optoelectronics and Photonics
    • Chemical Sensing Technology
    • Materials Science

    Background:

    • Porous silicon photonic crystals offer tunable optical properties.
    • Existing chemical sensors can be bulky and expensive.
    • Need for rapid, cost-effective analyte detection systems.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate an interferometric chemical sensor utilizing porous silicon photonic crystals.
    • To develop a fast, inexpensive sensing system with a narrow spectral response.
    • To analyze analyte adsorption/desorption kinetics efficiently.

    Main Methods:

    • Fabrication of porous silicon photonic crystals with modulated optical bandgap parameters.
    • Utilized a single, narrow spectral response photodetector for rapid measurements.
    • Employed the transfer matrix method for reflectance spectra computation, varying refractive indices and bilayer numbers (Nbi).

    Main Results:

    • Reflectance oscillation frequency was found to be proportional to analyte refractive index and evaporation rate.
    • Short fast Fourier transformation (FFT) generated analyte-specific spectrograms for ethanol and isopropanol.
    • Sensitivity was enhanced in photonic structures designed at shorter wavelengths and was independent of Nbi.

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed interferometric sensor demonstrates a viable, cost-effective method for chemical sensing.
    • The system offers advantages in studying analyte kinetics due to its speed and simplicity.
    • Optimized photonic structures can enhance sensor sensitivity for specific analytes.