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A 3D-printed PLA honeycomb-shaped scaffolds for bone tissue engineering.

Aochong Zhou1, Junwei Liao2, Zhishen Huang1

  • 1School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Science, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.

Journal of Biomaterials Applications
|November 11, 2025
PubMed
Summary

This study demonstrates that 3D-printed polylactic acid (PLA) porous scaffolds, enhanced with coating and mineralization, show improved properties. These modified scaffolds are promising for bone tissue engineering applications.

Keywords:
biocompatibilitybone tissue engineeringmechanical strengthpolylactic acidporous scaffold

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Tissue Engineering
  • Orthopedic Research

Background:

  • Polylactic acid (PLA) is a biocompatible and biodegradable polymer widely used in biomedical applications.
  • Porous scaffolds are essential for bone graft substitutes in tissue engineering.
  • 3D printing allows for the fabrication of complex scaffold architectures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and characterize a 3D-printed polylactic acid (PLA) honeycomb-shaped porous scaffold for bone tissue engineering.
  • To enhance the properties of the PLA scaffold through coating and mineralization treatments.
  • To evaluate the mechanical strength, hydrophilicity, and biocompatibility of the modified scaffolds.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a honeycomb-shaped PLA scaffold using 3D printing.
  • Application of coating and mineralization treatments to the PLA scaffold.
  • Characterization using infrared spectroscopy (IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
  • Evaluation of hydrophilicity via contact angle testing, mechanical strength via compression tests, and biocompatibility via MTT assay and cell behavior studies.

Main Results:

  • The 3D-printed PLA scaffold exhibited a porosity of 82.6%.
  • The scaffold demonstrated a compressive strength of 8.22 ± 0.16 MPa and a compressive modulus of 244.3 ± 5.7 MPa.
  • Coating and mineralization treatments significantly improved scaffold hydrophilicity, strength, and biocompatibility.

Conclusions:

  • The 3D-printed polylactic acid porous scaffold, particularly after coating and mineralization, shows excellent potential as an artificial scaffold for bone tissue engineering.
  • The enhanced mechanical properties and biocompatibility make it a viable candidate for bone defect repair.
  • Further research into its in vivo performance is warranted.