Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 11, 2026

Optimizing Magnetic Force Microscopy Resolution and Sensitivity to Visualize Nanoscale Magnetic Domains
Published on: July 20, 2022
Reply to Correspondence on "Suppressing Energy Migration via Antiparallel Spin Alignment in One-Dimensional Mn2+
Xinglu Zhu1, Shi Ye1
1State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fiber Laser Materials and Applied Techniques, School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, China.
Abstract:
To address concerns regarding the photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) or radiative rate (kr) of Cd2+ doped (CH3)4NMnCl3 (TMMC:0.2Cd2+), we conducted additional experiments on Cu impurity content, PLQY, and magneto-optical spectra of both TMMC and TMMC:0.2Cd2+. Our results show that TMMC consistently exhibits a higher PLQY than TMMC:0.2Cd2+, even though TMMC contains trace Cu impurities, which typically act as luminescence-quenching centers. The PLQY and kr values for TMMC:0.2Cd2+ in our previous study may have been underestimated due to the susceptibility of halide samples and PLQY measurements to experimental conditions and the absence of a standardized measurement method. However, the predicted radiative rate (kr = 1.12 × 103 s-1) for TMMC:0.2Cd2+, as derived from the pressure-dependent model in the Correspondence, leads to an unphysical negative nonradiative rate (knr) when considering the experimentally observed decay lifetime of 0.935 ms. This inconsistency renders the predicted data unconvincing, despite the theoretical validity of the model. Furthermore, the field-dependent PL intensities and decay lifetimes of TMMC and TMMC:0.2Cd2+ confirm that the antiparallel spin ordering of Mn2+ ions plays a role similar to Cd2+ in suppressing excitonic energy migration toward Cu2+ trapping centers.
Related Concept Videos
Atomic Nuclei: Magnetic Resonance
Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Relaxation Processes
Colors and Magnetism
When atoms or molecules absorb light at the proper frequency, their electrons are excited to higher-energy orbitals. For many main group atoms and molecules, the absorbed photons are in the ultraviolet range of the electromagnetic spectrum, which cannot be detected by the human eye. For coordination compounds, the energy difference between the d orbitals often allows photons in the visible range to be absorbed and emitted, which is seen as colors by the human...
Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Overview
Paramagnetism
Diamagnetism
Diamagnetism was discovered by Anton Brugmans in 1778 when he observed that bismuth gets repelled by magnetic fields, thus theorizing that diamagnets get repelled by magnets....

