Dual-Bionic Wearable Platform with Neighborhood Electrochemical Biosensor and Janus Fabric for Unidirectional Sweat...

Achieving optimal skin comfort and good sensitivity is highly necessary for sweat detection in a wearable electrochemical sensor. Herein, this study develops a comfortable wearable platform consisting of Janus patterned cotton fabric (PCF) and 3D neighborhood electrochemical biosensor to monitor glucose and lactate in sweat. Inspired by skin's sweat glands, a biomimetic Janus PCF embedded with a polydimethylsiloxane pattern on the hydrophilic cotton fabric is fabricated by screen-printing to enable unidirectional water transport from the skin to the biosensor. Meanwhile, by mimicking enzyme pairs on cytomembrane, 3D neighborhood electrochemical biosensor constructed through electrochemical deposition and sensing material drop-casting achieves good sensitivities (Glu: 3.4 nA·µm^-1; Lac: 0.21 µA·mm^-1). Notably, nanostructured composite electrode with improved electron transfer rate and increased stability can anchor oxidase, and molecular docking simulations reveal that the oxidases and tannic acid in sensing composite are connected via hydrogen bonds successfully. Finally, the wearable biosensor platform can collect human sweat and detect biomarkers effectively. This study presents a promising strategy for evaluating human sweat in the fields of sports and biomedicine in the future.