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Malformations of cortical development on fetal MRI
Shankar Srinivas Ganapathy1, Kyle Hunter2, Emily Janitz1
1Department of Radiology, Akron Children's Hospital, Akron, United States.
Journal of Clinical Imaging Science
|November 11, 2025
Summary
Malformations of cortical development (MCDs) are brain abnormalities caused by various factors during fetal development. This study illustrates fetal MRI findings of these conditions in newborns, aiding diagnosis.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Developmental Biology
- Radiology
Background:
- Malformations of cortical development (MCDs) encompass a range of conditions including neuronal migrational anomalies, cortical dysplasias, hemimegalencephaly, and microcephalies.
- MCDs arise from multifactorial etiologies, including genetic, environmental, vascular, and infectious insults, primarily during the late first to late second trimester of gestation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To illustrate the neonatal correlates of various neuronal migration anomalies as detected by fetal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
- To highlight potential diagnostic challenges, such as physiologic immaturity of sulci and mimics of migration anomalies, in fetal MRI interpretation.
Main Methods:
- Review and illustration of fetal MRI scans demonstrating MCDs.
- Correlation of imaging findings with known etiologies and developmental timing.
Main Results:
- Demonstration of characteristic fetal MRI features associated with different types of MCDs.
- Identification of specific imaging findings that can mimic true neuronal migration anomalies.
Conclusions:
- Fetal MRI is a valuable tool for detecting and characterizing MCDs.
- Awareness of normal developmental variations and potential mimics is crucial for accurate diagnosis of MCDs in utero.
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