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Poly-L-Lactic Acid Microspheres Promote Skin Rejuvenation via Enhanced Fibroblast Function.

Jennifer Geara1, Lihua Luo1, Onur Parlak1

  • 1Dermatology and Venereology Division, Department of Medicine (Solna), Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.

Journal of Biomedical Materials Research. Part A
|November 11, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Novel microspherical poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) enhances fibroblast activity and skin rejuvenation, unlike microflake PLLA which causes inflammation. Microsphere design is key for safer, effective skin treatments.

Keywords:
dermal injectableshuman dermal fibroblastspoly‐L‐lactic acidskin aging

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology and Regenerative Medicine
  • Biomaterials Science

Background:

  • Skin aging involves fibroblast decline and extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation.
  • Poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) injectables are used for skin rejuvenation but have variable efficacy and potential inflammatory side effects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the effects of novel microspherical PLLA (PLLA-LASYNPRO) versus microflake PLLA on human dermal fibroblasts and skin tissue.
  • To elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying the differential responses to PLLA formulations.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative analysis of two PLLA formulations (microspheres vs. microflakes).
  • Assessment of fibroblast migration, ECM synthesis, and wound contraction.
  • Transcriptomic profiling to analyze gene expression changes, including immune and regenerative pathways.
  • Identification of unique long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) signatures.

Main Results:

  • Microspherical PLLA promoted fibroblast migration, ECM synthesis, and wound contraction.
  • Microflake PLLA inhibited fibroblast proliferation and induced inflammatory gene expression.
  • Transcriptomic analysis showed microspheres upregulate fat differentiation and energy metabolism genes with minimal immune activation, while microflakes activate immune pathways and suppress regeneration.
  • Distinct lncRNA profiles were observed for each PLLA formulation.

Conclusions:

  • The physical design of PLLA, specifically microspheres, is crucial for favorable therapeutic outcomes in skin rejuvenation.
  • Microspherical PLLA offers a potentially safer and more effective alternative to microflake PLLA by modulating fibroblast behavior and minimizing inflammation.
  • lncRNAs play a significant role in fibroblast-mediated skin remodeling induced by PLLA.