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Related Concept Videos

Potentiometry: Membrane Electrodes01:15

Potentiometry: Membrane Electrodes

1.6K
Membrane electrodes, also known as p-ion electrodes, use membranes that selectively interact with free analyte ions, generating a potential difference across the membrane. The resulting membrane potential, known as the asymmetry potential, is not zero even when analyte concentrations on both sides of the membrane are equal. The membrane's response is typically not selective to a single analyte but proportional to the concentration of all ions in the sample solution capable of interacting at...
1.6K

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 11, 2026

Multi-analyte Biochip MAB Based on All-solid-state Ion-selective Electrodes ASSISE for Physiological Research
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Polymeric Membrane Potentiometric Ion Sensors with Dual Biocompatible Functionality.

Zhe Liu1,2, Peng Wang3, Haijie Zhao1,2

  • 1Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, Shandong 264003, P. R. China.

Analytical Chemistry
|November 11, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new biocompatible calcium ion-selective electrode (ISE) prevents biofouling and reduces toxicity for long-term physiological measurements. This advanced sensor enables continuous real-time monitoring of calcium in human blood.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Sensor Technology

Background:

  • Polymeric membrane ion-selective electrodes (ISEs) are vital for detecting ions in physiological samples.
  • Developing biocompatible potentiometric ion sensors for long-term use presents significant challenges due to biofouling and cytotoxicity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a dual-functional biocompatible polymeric membrane calcium ion-selective electrode (Ca2+-ISE) with antibiofouling and low-cytotoxicity properties.
  • To enable long-term, continuous real-time monitoring of Ca2+ in human blood.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesized a novel semifluorinated copolymer, 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorooctyl methacrylate-lauryl methacrylate (PFMA-LMA).
  • Developed a plasticizer-free sensing membrane with an immobilized ionophore based on the PFMA-LMA copolymer.
  • Evaluated the antibiofouling properties by assessing the adsorption of lipids, proteins, and blood cells.
  • Assessed cytotoxicity and compared performance against conventional poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC)-based Ca2+-ISEs.

Main Results:

  • The low surface energy of the PFMA-LMA membrane effectively prevented the adsorption of biological foulants.
  • The plasticizer-free and immobilized ionophore approach significantly reduced sensor toxicity.
  • The developed Ca2+-ISE demonstrated reduced blood cell adhesion and cytotoxicity compared to PVC-based sensors.
  • The sensor enabled continuous real-time monitoring of Ca2+ in human blood for at least 3 days.

Conclusions:

  • A novel dual-functional biocompatible Ca2+-ISE based on a semifluorinated PFMA-LMA membrane was successfully developed.
  • The proposed strategy offers promising potential for creating implantable and wearable electrochemical and optical sensors.
  • This advancement facilitates improved long-term in-vivo ion monitoring.