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Risk and Resilience Factors of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Symptom Severity Among Veterans
Kailyn Bare1,2, Brian Ramanauskas1,3, Nataliya Turchmanovych-Hienkel1,4
1Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60612, United States.
Deployment environmental conditions and post-deployment social support significantly impact post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in Veterans. Improving deployment conditions, like cleanliness, may reduce PTSD severity, even with high social support.
Area of Science:
- Psychology
- Military Health
- Trauma Studies
Background:
- Veterans exhibit high rates of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), affecting daily functioning and long-term health.
- Factors contributing to PTSD development and severity during and after deployment require further understanding.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate risk and resilience factors during and after deployment influencing PTSD development.
- To examine the impact of deployment environmental conditions and social support on PTSD symptom severity.
Main Methods:
- Utilized the Deployment Risk and Resilience Inventory-2 and PTSD checklist (DSM-5).
- Analyzed data from 54 Operation Enduring Freedom/Operation Iraqi Freedom/Operation New Dawn Veterans.
- Employed multiple and moderated regression analyses to assess risk and resilience factors.
Main Results:
- Adverse deployment environmental conditions correlated with worse PTSD outcomes.
- Post-deployment social support predicted better PTSD outcomes.
- Deployment environmental conditions moderated the effects of post-deployment social support and stressors on PTSD, weakening their impact when conditions were adverse.
Conclusions:
- Post-deployment social support is crucial for Veteran reintegration and PTSD outcomes.
- Adverse deployment conditions (e.g., cleanliness, sanitation) significantly predict poor PTSD outcomes.
- Enhancing deployment environmental conditions may substantially reduce PTSD symptom severity in Veterans.
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