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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 11, 2026

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Neural Stem Cell-conditioned Medium Protected Against Cognitive Dysfunction in APP/PS1 Mice.

Xiaoyu Zheng1, Qian Xiang1, Xiaoxu Dong1,2

  • 1Department of Critical-Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China.

Molecular Neurobiology
|November 11, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Neural stem cell conditioned medium (NSC-CM) shows promise for Alzheimer's disease (AD) treatment. NSC-CM improved cognitive function and reduced key AD pathology markers in a mouse model.

Keywords:
Alzheimer’s diseaseAstrocytesCognitive dysfunctionNLRP3Neural stem cell–conditioned mediumPhosphorylation Tau protein

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Neural stem cell conditioned medium (NSC-CM) demonstrates therapeutic potential in regenerative medicine.
  • Previous research indicated NSC-CM mitigates apoptosis in Alzheimer's disease (AD) cell models.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the neuroprotective capacity of NSC-CM against cognitive decline in a mouse model of AD.
  • To evaluate the effects of NSC-CM on amyloid-beta (Aβ) plaque load, tau phosphorylation, and neuroinflammation.

Main Methods:

  • APP/PS1 transgenic mice, an AD model, received daily tail vein injections of NSC-CM or PBS for 7 or 14 days.
  • Cognitive and emotional behaviors were assessed using the new object recognition test (NORT) and open field test (OFT).
  • Levels of p-Tau, NLRP3, caspase-1, IL-1β, Aβ plaque load, and astrocyte activity were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • NSC-CM treatment significantly improved cognitive and emotional deficits in APP/PS1 mice.
  • Reduced amyloid-beta plaque burden and phosphorylated tau levels were observed.
  • NSC-CM enhanced astrocyte phagocytosis and suppressed neuroinflammation by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation (NLRP3, caspase-1, IL-1β).

Conclusions:

  • NSC-CM effectively ameliorates cognitive dysfunction and key pathological hallmarks of AD in a mouse model.
  • NSC-CM demonstrates potential as a novel therapeutic strategy for Alzheimer's disease.