Water consumption behaviors and environmental values: A study among earthquake-affected individuals in Turkey

Water scarcity is an escalating global issue exacerbated by climate change, urbanization, and individual consumption habits. Understanding the influence of value orientations and socio-demographic factors on water consumption behaviors is critical for promoting sustainable resource use. This study aimed to evaluate water consumption behaviors among individuals affected by a major earthquake in Adıyaman, Türkiye, and to explore the relationships with value orientations, conservation characteristics, and earthquake-related factors. This cross-sectional study was conducted from October to December 2023, involving 430 participants aged 18 and older. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews using a structured questionnaire comprising socio-demographic variables, the Water Consumption Behavior Scale (WCBS), and value orientation scales. Participants scored slightly above average on the WCBS, with altruistic and biospheric values positively associated with water consumption behaviors, while egoistic values had no direct impact. Relocation due to the earthquake and urban residency were linked to more conscious water consumption behaviors. The use of water-saving equipment positively influenced behavior, whereas familiarity with the water footprint concept did not. Socio-demographic factors, including age and marital status, showed trends toward improved behaviors, although education and income levels were not significant predictors. Altruistic and biospheric values significantly shape water consumption behaviors, emphasizing the need to promote these values through education and policy initiatives. The findings suggest that disaster experiences can enhance environmental awareness, highlighting the importance of proactive strategies to foster sustainable behaviors without relying on such events. These insights can guide interventions aimed at mitigating water scarcity and enhancing resource management.