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RNA interference (RNAi) is a cellular mechanism that inhibits gene expression by suppressing its transcription or activating the RNA degradation process. The mechanism was discovered by Andrew Fire and Craig Mello in 1998 in plants. Today, it is observed in almost all eukaryotes, including protozoa, flies, nematodes, insects, parasites, and mammals. This precise cellular mechanism of gene silencing has been developed into a technique that provides an efficient way to identify and determine the...
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Bacteria and archaea are susceptible to viral infections just like eukaryotes; therefore, they have developed a unique adaptive immune system to protect themselves. Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats and CRISPR-associated proteins (CRISPR-Cas) are present in more than 45% of known bacteria and 90% of known archaea.
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Targeting Circular RNAs (circRNAs) in Atherosclerosis Using CRISPR Technology.

Areej Nazarudeen1, V A Aswathy2, Arun A Rauf1

  • 1Department of Biochemistry, University of Kerala, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India.

The Journal of Gene Medicine
|November 11, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) and CRISPR gene editing show promise for treating atherosclerosis. Research highlights specific circRNAs and CRISPR-Cas systems for novel therapeutic strategies against cardiovascular disease.

Keywords:
CRISPR‐Cas13CRISPR‐Cas9atherosclerosiscircular RNAsinflammationlowering LDL cholesteroltargeting

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Research
  • Molecular Biology
  • Gene Editing Technology

Background:

  • Atherosclerosis is a major cause of cardiovascular disease, driven by chronic inflammation.
  • Circular RNAs (circRNAs) regulate key processes in inflammation, lipid metabolism, and plaque stability relevant to atherosclerosis.
  • Specific circRNAs like circANRIL, circHIPK, and circRSF1 are implicated in atherosclerosis development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the biogenesis and functions of circRNAs in atherosclerosis.
  • To explore the application of CRISPR-Cas technology (Cas9 and Cas13) in studying and potentially treating atherosclerosis.
  • To discuss the potential of circRNA-based therapies and CRISPR-Cas13 for atherosclerosis.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on circRNAs and CRISPR-Cas technology in atherosclerosis research.
  • Analysis of specific circRNAs (circANRIL, circHIPK, circRSF1) and their roles.
  • Examination of CRISPR-Cas9 applications for lipid metabolism modification and CRISPR-Cas13 for RNA-level intervention.

Main Results:

  • CRISPR-Cas9 enables targeting genes like PCSK9, LDLR, and APOB to modulate lipid metabolism and treat conditions like familial hypercholesterolemia in atherosclerosis models.
  • CRISPR-Cas13 offers a novel RNA-targeting strategy for selective circRNA editing to regulate atherosclerosis-related pathways.
  • Specific circRNAs significantly influence atherosclerosis progression and development.

Conclusions:

  • CircRNA research and CRISPR innovation hold revolutionary potential for atherosclerosis treatment.
  • Further research is needed to elucidate circRNA mechanisms and develop effective CRISPR-Cas13 delivery systems.
  • Extensive preclinical validation is crucial to translate these findings into clinical applications for cardiovascular disease.