[Recent advances and challenges in neuroprotection following resuscitation after cardiac arrest]

Cardiac arrest (CA) is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. More than 90% of CA patients experience varying degrees of neurological impairment following the return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC), which significantly affects both survival rates and quality of life. In recent years, significant progress has been made in research focused on neuroprotection following CA. Various neuroprotective strategies have demonstrated positive effects in improving neurological outcomes in CA patients. However, the efficacy of certain key interventions, such as targeted temperature management, remains controversial, underscoring the complexity inherent in neuroprotective strategies. This review aims to summarize the latest advancements in neuroprotective strategies for post-resuscitation neurological injury, including target temperature management, oxygenation and ventilation management, pharmacological interventions, special gas therapy, and other treatment methods. Additionally, it explores the challenges faced in this field, providing a reference for future research directions and contributing to the improvement of neurological prognosis and long-term quality of life for CA patients.