Appendiceal B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma presenting as recurrent appendicitis

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Gastroenterology
• Pathology

Background:

• Appendiceal mass and recurrent appendicitis can present with similar symptoms.
• Malignant tumors of the appendix are rare but should be considered in persistent or recurrent cases.

Purpose of the Study:

• To report a rare case of high-grade B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma presenting as recurrent acute appendicitis.
• To highlight the importance of thorough histological examination of the appendix in recurrent appendicitis cases.

Main Methods:

• Clinical presentation of intermittent right iliac fossa pain, fever, and elevated inflammatory markers.
• Management with intravenous antibiotics, appendicectomy, and subsequent chemotherapy.
• Histopathological examination of the appendix revealing perforation, congestion, and malignant tumor.

Main Results:

• Diagnosis of high-grade B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma involving the entire appendix.
• Successful initial management of appendicitis symptoms.
• Confirmation of a rare appendiceal malignancy.

Conclusions:

• High-grade B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma can mimic recurrent appendicitis.
• Appendiceal malignancy should be suspected in cases of recurrent appendicitis with concerning features.
• Multidisciplinary approach including surgery, pathology, and oncology is crucial for managing such rare conditions.