Medial meniscus root tears: mechanics, management, and techniques

Area of Science:

• Orthopedic Surgery
• Biomechanics
• Sports Medicine

Background:

• The medial meniscus posterior root (MMPR) is vital for knee joint stability.
• MMPR tears (MMPRTs) significantly increase medial compartment contact pressures.
• Untreated MMPRTs often lead to rapid osteoarthritis progression.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the clinical presentation and imaging findings of MMPRTs.
• To discuss current and novel surgical management strategies for MMPRTs.
• To emphasize the importance of timely diagnosis and treatment for MMPRTs.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of MMPRTs, focusing on diagnosis and treatment.
• Analysis of various arthroscopic repair techniques and implant properties.
• Evaluation of novel techniques to address meniscal extrusion.

Main Results:

• Improved awareness has enhanced MMPRT recognition by orthopedic surgeons.
• Most MMPRT patients are candidates for MMPR repair.
• Management indications are less defined for specific patient subgroups (e.g., early OA, malalignment).

Conclusions:

• Increased recognition of MMPRTs improves clinical decision-making.
• Surgical techniques are evolving to restore native meniscus anatomy.
• The goal of treatment is to prolong native knee function and facilitate return to activity.