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Role of Seminal Exosomes in Reproduction.

Shayesteh Mehdinejadiani1, Nahid Azad2, Zeinab Dehghan3

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Journal of Cellular Physiology
|November 12, 2025
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Seminal exosomes, tiny vesicles in semen, are key to male fertility and impact female reproduction. Their cargo changes in disease, making them potential biomarkers for infertility and therapeutic targets.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Biology
  • Cell Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Exosomes are nanoscale vesicles secreted by cells, mediating intercellular communication via carried biomolecules.
  • Seminal exosomes, originating from the male reproductive tract, are implicated in fertility and reproductive processes.
  • Alterations in seminal exosome composition are linked to pathological conditions, including infertility.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the multifaceted role of seminal exosomes in male fertility.
  • To examine the influence of seminal exosomes on the female reproductive tract throughout reproduction.
  • To highlight the diagnostic and therapeutic potential of seminal exosomes in reproductive medicine.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on exosome biogenesis and function.
  • Analysis of research investigating seminal exosomes in male and female reproductive contexts.
  • Exploration of exosomal cargo variations in normal versus pathological conditions.

Main Results:

  • Seminal exosomes, including epididymosomes and prostasomes, significantly influence male reproductive capacity.
  • These nanovesicles play roles in fertilization, implantation, and pregnancy, with implications for pregnancy-associated diseases.
  • Exosomal cargo analysis reveals differences between fertile and infertile individuals, and in seminal infections.

Conclusions:

  • Seminal exosomes are critical mediators of reproductive success and are valuable biomarkers for infertility.
  • Their distinct cargo profiles offer potential for diagnostic and therapeutic strategies in reproductive disorders.
  • Further research is warranted to fully elucidate the clinical applications of seminal exosomes.