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Published on: March 20, 2017
Preparation of Lithium-Cesium Co-Doped Tungsten Oxide by Low-Temperature Hydrothermal Method
Yue Liu1, Xinyu Song1, Liying Wen1
1Key Laboratory of Plateau Oxygen and Living Environment of Xizang Autonomous Region, College of Science, Xizang University, Lhasa 850000, China.
Abstract:
Buildings consume 40% of global energy, over half of which is used for cooling and heating. Tungsten bronze (MxWO3) holds promise for smart windows due to its ability to block near-infrared (NIR) heat radiation while maintaining visible light transmittance. However, conventional high-temperature synthesis is energy intensive. Here, we develop a low-temperature hydrothermal method (170 °C) to prepare Li and Cs co-doped tungsten oxide using WCl6, LiF, and CsOH·H2O as precursors, with acetic acid as a crystallographic modulator. The material exhibits a hexagonal structure (P63/mcm) and Li+-induced lattice expansion (0.34 nm spacing). Combined XPS and ICP-OES analyses confirm the chemical composition as Cs0.31Li0.09WO3 and reveal a positive correlation between the W5+ content (15.76%) and oxygen vacancy concentration, which is identified as the key factor enhancing the NIR absorption. The material demonstrates excellent visible light transmission and NIR shielding properties. Our work provides a more energy-efficient and sustainable pathway for the production of smart window materials.
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