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Advancing Earth-Abundant CZTSSe Solar Cells: Recent Progress in Efficiency and Defect Engineering.
Yusuf Selim Ocak1, Fatih Bayansal2,3
1Department of Physics and Engineering Physics, Morgan State University, Baltimore, MD 21251, USA.
Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland)
|November 12, 2025
Summary
Kesterite solar cells (CZTSe) show promise due to their eco-friendly nature and optoelectronic properties. Recent advancements have boosted their efficiency, overcoming previous limitations for commercial viability.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Renewable Energy
- Photovoltaics
Background:
- Kesterite Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 (CZTSe) solar cells are earth-abundant and eco-friendly thin-film photovoltaics.
- They possess advantageous optoelectronic properties like a direct bandgap (1.0-1.5 eV) and high absorption coefficient (>104 cm-1).
Purpose of the Study:
- To review recent progress in kesterite solar cell technology.
- To evaluate the current status and future challenges for commercialization of CZTSe solar cells.
Main Methods:
- Review of recent advances in material processing and device engineering for CZTSe solar cells.
- Discussion of strategies to overcome limitations such as voltage deficits and defect states.
Main Results:
- Recent advances have led to significant improvements in device efficiencies, reaching approximately 15%.
- Incorporation of elements (Ge, Ag, Li), interface optimization, and hydrogen-assisted selenization are key strategies.
Conclusions:
- CZTSe solar cells are a promising photovoltaic technology despite previous challenges.
- Further research and development are needed to fully realize their commercial potential.
