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Related Concept Videos

Criticisms of the Evolutionary Perspective01:23

Criticisms of the Evolutionary Perspective

In a study where individuals posing as strangers offered compliments and proposed casual sex to students, the responses differed significantly based on gender. Not a single woman accepted the proposal, while 70% of the men agreed. This outcome provides a useful scenario to explore through the lens of evolutionary psychology and social learning theory, highlighting the diverse perspectives on human sexual behaviors.
Evolutionary psychology provides one explanation for these findings, suggesting...
Punishment01:27

Punishment

Negative reinforcement and punishment are often confused but serve distinct functions in behavior modification. Reinforcement, whether positive or negative, increases the likelihood of a desired behavior, while punishment decreases it.
Punishment can be positive or negative. Positive punishment involves adding an undesirable stimulus, such as scolding, to decrease a behavior. Negative punishment involves removing a desirable stimulus, such as taking away a favorite toy, to decrease behavior.
Psychosexual Stages of Personality: Anal01:26

Psychosexual Stages of Personality: Anal

Sigmund Freud's theory of psychosexual development describes the anal stage as occurring between 18 months and three years of age. During this period, children derive pleasure from controlling and releasing their bowel movements. However, they quickly learn that societal expectations impose restrictions on when and where this can happen. This stage marks a critical point where children begin to develop a sense of control and mastery over their bodily functions, as well as their broader...
Psychosexual Stages of Personality: Phallic01:12

Psychosexual Stages of Personality: Phallic

The third stage of psychosexual development proposed by Freud is the phallic stage, occurring between the ages of 3 and 6. During this period, children become aware of their bodies and the differences between males and females. The erogenous zone in this stage is the genitals, and conflicts arise as children develop desires toward the opposite-sex parent. Boys experience the Oedipus complex, where they desire their mother and view their father as a rival. This leads to castration anxiety, the...
Psychosexual Stages of Personality: Genital01:23

Psychosexual Stages of Personality: Genital

The genital stage is the final phase of Sigmund Freud's theory of psychosexual development, beginning at puberty, around age 12. During this stage, sexual energy shifts from self-focused interests to external individuals, marking the development of mature adult sexuality. Freud saw this phase as a time of sexual reawakening, with desires directed toward others outside the family. A healthy transition into this stage, according to Freud, signifies the emergence of two key aspects of adult...
Psychosexual Theory of Development01:14

Psychosexual Theory of Development

Sigmund Freud's psychosexual theory of development suggests that early childhood experiences significantly shape personality and behavior. Freud proposed that development is discontinuous, occurring in five distinct stages, each defined by a focus on different erogenous zones. He believed that failure to resolve the conflicts specific to each stage successfully could result in fixation, potentially influencing behavior as adults.
The Five Stages of Psychosexual Development
Freud's psychosexual...

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Updated: May 27, 2026

Peering into the Dynamics of Social Interactions: Measuring Play Fighting in Rats
15:01

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Published on: January 18, 2013

Perverse sexual enactment.

Steven Groarke1

  • 1British Psychoanalytical Society, London, UK.

The International Journal of Psycho-Analysis
|November 12, 2025
PubMed
Summary

This study explores sexual perversion through psychoanalytic theories, examining William Gillespie

Area of Science:

  • Psychoanalytic theory
  • Psychology
  • Clinical psychology

Background:

  • Sexual perversion is a complex phenomenon within psychoanalytic discourse.
  • William Gillespie developed a general theory of perversion based on Freudian and Kleinian concepts.
  • Recent psychoanalytic literature continues to explore the intricacies of perversion.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine William Gillespie's psychoanalytic theory of perversion.
  • To review contemporary psychoanalytic perspectives on sexual perversion.
  • To present a clinical case study of scopophilia.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical analysis of psychoanalytic literature.
  • Critical review of existing theories on perversion.
  • Clinical case study methodology.
Keywords:
Enactmentfetishismperverse transference–countertransferencescopophiliasexuality

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Main Results:

  • Gillespie's theory provides a foundational framework for understanding perversion.
  • Contemporary psychoanalysis offers diverse interpretations of perversion.
  • The case study illustrates the clinical manifestations of scopophilia.

Conclusions:

  • Psychoanalytic approaches offer valuable insights into the dynamics of sexual perversion.
  • Further clinical exploration is needed to refine theoretical understanding.
  • Scopophilia presents unique challenges and considerations in psychoanalytic treatment.