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Cognitive aids in thoracic emergencies.

David Wall1, Benedikt Preckel2,3

  • 1Department of Anaesthesia, Intensive Care Medicine and Pain Medicine, Clinical Division of General Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.

Current Opinion in Anaesthesiology
|November 12, 2025
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cognitive aids, like checklists and flowcharts, improve patient safety in thoracic anesthesia emergencies by reducing errors. Further development of these tools is crucial for managing rare, high-stakes events effectively.

Keywords:
cognitive aidsdecision-support toolemergency manualthoracic emergencies

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Area of Science:

  • Anesthesiology
  • Critical Care Medicine
  • Medical Simulation

Background:

  • Thoracic anesthesia emergencies present unique challenges due to the proximity of vital structures.
  • Cognitive aids are increasingly recognized for their role in mitigating human factors in high-stress medical situations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review anesthetic challenges and advancements in cognitive aids for thoracic anesthesia emergencies.
  • To highlight the progression towards structured, algorithm-driven approaches in managing rare, high-stakes events.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on cognitive aids in thoracic anesthesia.
  • Analysis of structured, algorithm-driven approaches versus traditional methods.

Main Results:

  • Cognitive aids (checklists, flowcharts, mnemonics) enhance recall, performance, and communication, reducing errors in acute settings.
  • While some conditions like massive hemoptysis have structured frameworks, others like bronchopleural fistula lack standardized tools.
  • Well-designed aids support critical priorities and complex interventions, but do not replace clinical judgment.

Conclusions:

  • Cognitive aids are essential for managing thoracic anesthesia crises, facilitating airway protection, bleeding control, and hemodynamic stabilization.
  • Successful implementation requires thoughtful design, integration into practice, simulation training, and crisis resource management.
  • Future research should focus on developing and validating specialty-specific tools to optimize patient outcomes and enhance resilience.