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Updated: Jun 9, 2026
Identification of Disease-related Spatial Covariance Patterns using Neuroimaging Data
Published on: June 26, 2013
Mapping the landscape of fMRI research in schizophrenia: A bibliometric and meta-analytic study
Yuanjun Xie1, Anping Ouyang2, Tian Zhang2
1Medical Innovation Center, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Zigong, China.
Background:
Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is central to elucidating schizophrenia's neural mechanisms, yet a synthesis that integrates bibliometric trends with coordinate-based meta-analytic evidence is limited. We mapped the bibliometric landscape of fMRI studies in schizophrenia and quantified convergent brain alterations, investigating their spatial correspondence with neurotransmitter systems.
Methods:
We retrieved 3874 publications (1996-2024) from the Web of Science Core Collection. CiteSpace and VOSviewer profiled research trends, leading contributors, and co-citation structure. A coordinate-based meta-analysis of 715 studies estimated case-control activation differences. Spatial correlations between the meta-analytic map and PET/SPECT-derived receptor/transporter density maps were evaluated with multiple-comparison control.
Results:
The United States led in publication volume and network centrality, followed by China and England. The University of London and King's College London were leading institutions; Calhoun VD was the most prolific author. Schizophrenia Research and NeuroImage were core journals. Hotspots included functional connectivity, the prefrontal cortex, and working memory; emerging themes emphasized machine learning, dynamic functional connectivity, and large-scale networks. Meta-analysis implicated bilateral insular, amygdala, and precuneus, alongside regions supporting cognitive control and emotion. Spatial correspondence analyses showed significant associations with dopamine transporter (DAT), N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDA), and serotonin transporter (SERT) distributions.
Conclusion:
By integrating bibliometrics, coordinate-based meta-analysis, and neurochemical context, this study delineates the maturation of fMRI research in schizophrenia and identifies reproducible neural alterations aligned with specific transmitter systems. These fingdings refine pathophysiological models and support biomarker development for diagnosis and treatment stratification.
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