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Simulator Training for Endovascular Neurosurgery

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Virtual Reality (VR) Training for Anesthesiologist in Invasive Procedures (VR TAIP) - a Single Center Randomized

Shiri Savir¹, Jacqueline Hannan², Shirin Saeed²

¹Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care & Pain Medicine Department, Soroka University Medical Center, Beer Shiva, Israel.

Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia

|November 12, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Blended virtual reality (VR) and manikin training for internal jugular central venous catheter (IJ-CVC) placement showed similar clinical performance and satisfaction compared to manikin training alone. VR training was more cost-efficient, highlighting its potential as a supplementary educational tool.

Keywords:

anesthesia education central venous catheter simulation training virtual reality-based curriculum

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Area of Science:

Medical Education
Surgical Simulation

Background:

Anesthesiology residents require proficient skills in central venous catheter (CVC) placement.
Traditional manikin-based training is the standard for procedural skills acquisition.
Virtual reality (VR) offers a novel simulation modality for medical training.

Purpose of the Study:

To compare the effectiveness of a blended virtual reality (VR)-manikin curriculum versus manikin-only training for internal jugular central venous catheter (IJ-CVC) placement.
To evaluate differences in resident performance, satisfaction, self-efficacy, and cost-effectiveness.

Main Methods:

A single-center randomized trial included 26 first-year anesthesiology residents.
Participants were assigned to either manikin training (n=14) or VR plus manikin training (n=12).
Clinical performance was assessed via video recording by blinded experts after two training sessions.

Main Results:

Overall clinical performance scores were comparable between the VR-manikin group (83.88%) and the manikin-only group (86.49%) (p=0.486).
VR training demonstrated higher cost-efficiency ($131/session vs. $291.30/session) with scalability advantages.
While VR trainees felt more confident with procedural steps, manikin training showed higher ratings for needle tracking and motor skills.

Conclusions:

Blended VR-manikin training provides comparable clinical performance, confidence, and satisfaction to traditional manikin training for IJ-CVC placement.
VR training emphasizes procedural flow, whereas manikin training excels in tactile and motor skill development.
VR is a viable, cost-effective adjunct to traditional CVC training curricula, with potential for refresher training.