Modern Developing Directions in the Dihydroquercetin Study

Dihydroquercetin (taxifolin) is a natural bioflavonoid with diverse biological activities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antiviral, and geroprotective effects. The review summarizes current advances in the research of dihydroquercetin with a focus on its structural features, physicochemical properties, and biological functions. Particular attention is drawn to its low solubility and limited bioavailability, which have stimulated the development of nanotechnology-based delivery systems. In the paper, the systematization of the systems, namely nanoparticles, liposomes, hydrogels, nanofibers, nanoenzymes, and crystalline complexes, is presented. Moreover, some specific features of the antibacterial and antiviral action of the compound are described. Recent findings on the molecular mechanisms of action, including regulation of oxidative stress and cellular signaling pathways, highlight the therapeutic promise of dihydroquercetin. Taken together, the data support its potential as a valuable compound for pharmaceutical and biomedical applications, though further comprehensive investigations are required.