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Related Concept Videos

General Transcription Factors01:30

General Transcription Factors

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Tissue-specific transcription factors contribute to diverse cellular functions in mammals. For example, the gene for beta globin, a major component of hemoglobin, is present in all cells of the body. However, it is only expressed in red blood cells because the transcription factors that can bind to the promoter sequences of the beta globin gene are only expressed in these cells. Tissue-specific transcription factors also ensure that mutations in these factors may impair only the function of...
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Transcription Factors02:16

Transcription Factors

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Tissue-specific transcription factors contribute to diverse cellular functions in mammals. For example, the gene for beta globin, a major component of hemoglobin, is present in all cells of the body. However, it is only expressed in red blood cells because the transcription factors that can bind to the promoter sequences of the beta globin gene are only expressed in these cells. Tissue-specific transcription factors also ensure that mutations in these factors may impair only the function of...
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Transcription Elongation Factors02:35

Transcription Elongation Factors

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Transcription elongation is a dynamic process that alters depending upon the sequence heterogeneity of the DNA being transcribed. Hence, it is not surprising that the elongation complex's composition also varies along the way while transcribing a gene.
The transcription elongation is regulated via pausing of RNA polymerase on several occasions during transcription. In bacteria, these halts are necessary because the transcription of DNA into mRNA is coupled to the translation of that mRNA...
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Master Transcription Regulators02:23

Master Transcription Regulators

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Master transcription regulators are regulatory proteins that are predominantly responsible for regulating the expression of multiple genes. Often these genes work in concert to drive a  complex process. Activation of a master transcription regulator can lead to a cascade of transcriptional activation necessary for that outcome. These regulators can directly bind to the regulatory sequences of the various genes involved, or they can indirectly regulate transcription by binding to regulatory...
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RNA Polymerase II Accessory Proteins02:36

RNA Polymerase II Accessory Proteins

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Proteins that regulate transcription can do so either via direct contact with RNA Polymerase or through indirect interactions facilitated by adaptors, mediators, histone-modifying proteins, and nucleosome remodelers. Direct interactions to activate transcription is seen in bacteria as well as in some eukaryotic genes. In these cases, upstream activation sequences are adjacent to the promoters, and the activator proteins interact directly with the transcriptional machinery. For example, in...
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Transcytosis of IgG01:15

Transcytosis of IgG

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Transcytosis is the process in which molecules are internalized by endocytosis, transported across the cell, and released through exocytosis from the opposite end of the cell. Molecules such as insulin, immunoglobulins, and certain nutrients are transferred through the recycling endosomes by recycling and transcytosis.
IgG molecules from a mother undergo transcytosis starting around 13 weeks of gestation. The amount of IgG transferred and entering the fetal blood circulation increases with...
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Related Experiment Video

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Transcriptional Analysis by Nascent RNA FISH of In Vivo Trophoblast Giant Cells or In Vitro Short-term Cultures of Ectoplacental Cone Explants
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Transcription Factor EB (TFEB) Expression and Localization in the Third-Trimester Placenta.

Cinzia Giacometti1, Alessandro Ambrosi2, Serena Cavaliere3

  • 1Pathology Unit, Pederzoli Hospital, Peschiera del Garda, 37019 Verona, Italy.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|November 13, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Transcription factor EB (TFEB) plays a key role in placental vascularization. Its absence in preeclampsia suggests involvement in vascular remodeling, while its presence in gestational diabetes may mitigate hypoxic injury.

Keywords:
TFEBgestational diabetesimmunohistochemistrypreeclampsia

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive biology
  • Molecular genetics
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Transcription factor EB (TFEB) is crucial for placental vascularization.
  • Preeclampsia (PE) and Gestational Diabetes (GD) are pregnancy complications affecting placental health.
  • TFEB's role in these conditions requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze TFEB expression in placental districts in PE and GD.
  • To investigate the correlation between TFEB expression and placental vascularization.
  • To explore TFEB's potential role in mitigating hypoxic injury in GD.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized three distinct TFEB antibodies (Invitrogen, Bethyl Labs, Santa Cruz).
  • Assessed TFEB presence in six placental regions: STB, CTB, EVT, syncytial knots, stem villi vessels, and villous capillaries.
  • Compared TFEB expression patterns between normal, PE, and GD placentas.

Main Results:

  • TFEB-B showed significant expression in stem villi vessels, STB, and villi vessels in GD cases.
  • Lack of TFEB expression was observed in late-onset PE, supporting its role in vascular remodeling.
  • Positive TFEB expression in GD cases suggests a protective role against hypoxic injury via the Akt/mTOR pathway.

Conclusions:

  • TFEB expression patterns differ significantly in PE and GD placentas.
  • TFEB appears vital for normal placental vascular development and remodeling.
  • TFEB may serve as a protective factor against placental hypoxia in gestational diabetes.