MicroRNA Signatures in Cardiometabolic Disorders as a Next-Generation Diagnostic Approach: Current Insight

Area of Science:

• Biochemistry
• Molecular Biology
• Genetics

Background:

• Cardiometabolic diseases are a leading cause of global morbidity and mortality.
• Current diagnostic tools lack sensitivity and specificity for early risk stratification.
• There is a need for novel biomarkers to capture molecular complexity.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the diagnostic and prognostic role of circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) in cardiometabolic disease.
• To highlight miRNAs as potential early detection biomarkers and indicators of therapeutic response.
• To discuss limitations and future directions for clinical translation of miRNAs.

Main Methods:

• Comprehensive review of current evidence on circulating miRNAs in cardiometabolic disease.
• Analysis of miRNA characteristics, including stability, specificity, and dynamic changes.
• Discussion of challenges in methodological standardization and clinical validation.

Main Results:

• Altered circulating miRNA profiles are linked to key pathological processes in cardiometabolic disease.
• miRNAs demonstrate potential for early detection, patient stratification, and monitoring therapeutic response.
• Significant variability in methodologies and normalization strategies exists.

Conclusions:

• Circulating miRNAs hold significant potential as next-generation biomarkers for precision medicine in cardiometabolic diseases.
• Standardization of methodologies and robust clinical validation are crucial for widespread adoption.
• Overcoming current limitations will enable the full harnessing of miRNA potential.