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O-GlcNAcylation: A Nutrient-Sensitive Metabolic Rheostat in Antiviral Immunity and Viral Pathogenesis
1Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), Laval, QC H7V 1B7, Canada.
Cells
|November 13, 2025
Summary
The hexosamine biosynthesis pathway (HBP) influences immune responses to viruses. This nutrient-sensing pathway, via O-GlcNAcylation, impacts viral infections, inflammation, and oncogenesis.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Virology
- Metabolism
Background:
- Viruses are abundant and interact with host immunity, with nutrition shaping outcomes.
- The host immune system has evolved defenses against viral infections.
- Pathogenic viruses develop strategies to evade host immunity.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the role of the hexosamine biosynthesis pathway (HBP) in host-viral interactions and immune responses.
- To explore O-GlcNAcylation as a key effector in immunity and viral pathogenesis.
- To discuss clinical implications and therapeutic potential.
Main Methods:
- Literature review focusing on the HBP and O-GlcNAcylation in viral infections.
- Analysis of O-GlcNAc substrates impacting antiviral immunity and viral pathogenesis.
- Discussion of clinical relevance and future research directions.
Main Results:
- The HBP, through O-GlcNAcylation, critically affects immune cell function and antiviral defense.
- Identified O-GlcNAc substrates influence viral restriction, inflammation, and oncogenesis.
- O-GlcNAcylation plays a dual role in viral infections, potentially aiding or hindering the host.
Conclusions:
- The HBP and O-GlcNAcylation are central regulators of host-viral dynamics.
- Targeting the HBP offers potential therapeutic strategies for viral diseases.
- Further research is needed to fully elucidate O-GlcNAc's role in viral pathogenesis and immunity.
Keywords:
glycosylationhost–pathogen interactionimmunometabolisminfectioninflammationinnate immunitynutrient sensingpattern-recognition receptorspost-translational modificationvirusMore Related Videos
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