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From Theory to Practice: Developing the MOBILE Intervention for Adults with Depression.

Shani Volovic-Shushan1,2, Naomi Josman1, Lior Ben Baruch1,2

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This study details the development of the Mood-Occupation Balance Reciprocal Model (MOBILE) intervention for Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). The MOBILE intervention aims to improve mood stability and daily functioning in patients through personalized strategies.

Keywords:
complex interventionecological momentary assessmentmajor depressive disorderoccupational therapypersonalized intervention

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Area of Science:

  • Occupational therapy
  • Mental health interventions
  • Complex intervention development

Background:

  • Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is linked to mood instability and occupational imbalance, reducing quality of life.
  • Occupational therapy (OT) plays a role in mental health, but intervention development needs clearer processes.
  • The Mood-Occupation Balance Reciprocal Model (MOBILE) intervention was systematically developed for MDD patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically develop the MOBILE intervention for MDD using the MRC framework.
  • To integrate theoretical models with client-centered, lived-experience perspectives.
  • To assess the feasibility and acceptability of the intervention through a pilot study.

Main Methods:

  • Development followed MRC framework phases: evidence identification, theory development, and process/outcome modeling.
  • Integrated occupation-based and mood/function-based models, incorporating client feedback and ecological momentary assessment (EMA).
  • A pilot study with two MDD inpatients evaluated recruitment, adherence, engagement, and practicality.

Main Results:

  • The pilot study demonstrated high adherence, engagement, and feasibility, despite a small sample size.
  • The EMA protocol was well-tolerated with minor refinements improving clinical applicability.
  • Stakeholders highlighted the intervention's relevance, adaptability, and value of personalized planning.

Conclusions:

  • The MOBILE intervention is an individualized program designed to enhance mood stability and daily functioning in MDD inpatients.
  • It offers a theoretically grounded framework for personalized goal setting, strategy use, and routine balancing.
  • This development account supports future evaluation, implementation, and integration into OT mental health practice.