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Related Concept Videos

Exercise and Muscle Performance01:27

Exercise and Muscle Performance

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Exercise induces a range of adaptations in muscle tissue, depending on the type and duration of activity. Such physical training can be broadly categorized into two types: endurance exercises and resistance exercises.
Endurance exercises
Endurance exercises involve running, swimming, or cycling, which require repetitive movements with low force output. When a person engages in endurance exercise, a few noticeable changes occur in their skeletal muscles. For instance, the number of capillaries...
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Role of Vitamins in Maintaining Bone Health01:25

Role of Vitamins in Maintaining Bone Health

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The growth and maintenance of bone are regulated by a combination of nutritional factors, including vitamins, such as vitamin A, B12, C, D, and K.
Vitamin A
Vitamin A is involved in the process of bone remodeling. Retinoic acid, the active metabolite of Vitamin A, has nuclear receptors in osteoblasts and osteoclasts, which are involved in bone remodeling.
Vitamin B12
Vitamin B12 acts as a cofactor during the formation of osteoblast-related proteins, such as osteocalcin. Vitamin B12 plays a role...
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Skeletal Muscle Relaxants: Therapeutic Uses01:31

Skeletal Muscle Relaxants: Therapeutic Uses

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Skeletal muscle relaxants are used to relax muscle tone and alleviate painful muscle contractions. However, the choice of skeletal muscle relaxants depends on the duration of the surgical procedure in order to minimize potential side effects. Skeletal muscle relaxants like neuromuscular blocking agents [NMBAs] are commonly employed as adjuvants alongside general anesthetics in clinical settings. NMBAs are also used to maintain controlled ventilation during surgery of the larynx or pharynx...
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Muscle Recovery and Fatigue01:24

Muscle Recovery and Fatigue

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Muscle fatigue refers to the decline in a muscle's ability to maintain the force of contraction after prolonged activity. It primarily stems from changes within muscle fibers. Even before experiencing muscle fatigue, one may feel tired and have the urge to stop the activity. This response, known as central fatigue, occurs due to changes in the central nervous system, namely the brain and spinal cord. While there is no single mechanism that induces fatigue, it may serve as a protective...
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Connective Tissue Cell Types01:22

Connective Tissue Cell Types

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Connective tissue develops from the mesoderm of a developing embryo and consists of cells, fibers, and ground substance: a gel-like material containing large complexes of carbohydrates and proteins. Connective tissue was first identified as a separate tissue family in the 18th century, and Johannes Peter Muller coined the term connective tissue.
Fat cells (adipocytes), smooth muscle cells (myoblasts), and bone cells (osteoblasts) are some connective tissue cell types. Some immune system cells...
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Proteins: Dietary Sources and Requirements01:28

Proteins: Dietary Sources and Requirements

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Consuming animal-based products offers high-quality proteins that contain optimal levels and combinations of essential amino acids, crucial for tissue repair and growth. Foods like eggs, milk, fish, and most meats are a source of complete proteins. Legumes and cereals are abundant in proteins; however, they typically lack a full range of essential amino acids. As a result, they are considered incomplete protein sources. Some plant sources like soybeans, quinoa, and amaranth do contain complete...
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Can Dietary Supplements Support Muscle Function and Physical Activity? A Narrative Review.

Louise Brough1, Gail Rees2, Lylah Drummond-Clarke3,4

  • 1School of Food Technology and Natural Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand.

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|November 13, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Dietary supplements may support muscle health in adults, especially when combined with exercise or to address deficiencies. More research is needed to confirm real-world clinical benefits for muscle function and recovery.

Keywords:
dietary supplementationinflammationmicrobiomemuscle functionmuscle massmuscle performancenutritionreviewsarcopenia

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Area of Science:

  • Nutrition Science
  • Exercise Physiology
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • Healthy muscles are crucial for daily activities, quality of life, and healthy aging, extending beyond athletic performance.
  • Growing interest exists in dietary supplementation for muscle health in non-athlete populations, including the elderly and peri- or menopausal women.
  • Inflammation is a key factor in muscle health, influencing cellular events and responses to stimuli.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review muscle health from a nutritional perspective, focusing on function, mass, strength, and recovery.
  • To evaluate the potential benefits and risks of common dietary supplements for non-athlete adults.
  • To explore the role of the gut-muscle axis in overall muscle health.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on muscle health, nutrition, and supplementation.
  • Analysis of studies examining dietary supplements' effects on muscle function, mass, performance, and recovery.
  • Inclusion of research on exercise-induced muscle damage, delayed onset muscle soreness, and the gut-muscle axis.

Main Results:

  • Several dietary supplements, individually or in combination, show potential to optimize muscle health, particularly when paired with exercise or correcting nutritional deficits.
  • Emerging evidence suggests benefits for muscle function, mass, and recovery, but robust clinical validation is still required.
  • The gut-muscle axis is an emerging area with potential implications for muscle health.

Conclusions:

  • Dietary supplementation may offer benefits for muscle health in various adult populations, but clinical evidence needs further substantiation.
  • While generally safe, supplements require careful consideration regarding dosage, potential interactions, and reliable sourcing.
  • Further research is warranted to confirm the efficacy and long-term benefits of supplements for maintaining muscle health throughout the lifespan.