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Enhancing Radiation Shielding Properties of Pharmaceutical Polymers Through Zinc Oxide Incorporation: A Study on
Mohammad W Marashdeh1, Afnan Alsalman1, Muthanna Abdulkarim2
1Department of Physics, College of Sciences, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), P.O. Box 90950, Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia.
Abstract:
An investigation was carried out to improve the gamma radiation shielding properties of Benecel K4M pharmaceutical polymer using zinc oxide (ZnO) at concentrations from 0 to 6 wt.%. Compressed composite tablet samples were prepared and tested in the range of photon energies 59.5 to 1332 keV for the assessment of various shielding parameters, including linear attenuation coefficient, radiation protection efficiency (RPE), and mean free path (MFP). As the ZnO content increased, the attenuation properties of the material showed improved shielding behavior, which was attributed to its high density and atomic number. At 59.9 keV, RPE increased from 6.9% for the pure polymer to 12.2% for the 6 wt.% composite, whereas MFP decreased from 13.9 cm to 7.6 cm. The results indicate that ZnO addition significantly enhances the shielding efficiency of Benecel K4M, demonstrating that ZnO can serve as a lightweight and non-toxic alternative to heavy-metal-based materials for pharmaceutical protection in radiation-rich environments.
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Alpha (α) decay is the emission of an α particle from the nucleus. For example, polonium-210 undergoes α decay: