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Smart Energy Management for Residential PV Microgrids: ESP32-Based Indirect Control of Commercial Inverters for

Miguel Tradacete-Ágreda1, Alfonso Sánchez-Pérez1, Carlos Santos-Pérez2

  • 1Department of Electronics, University of Alcalá, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Community of Madrid, Spain.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|November 13, 2025
PubMed

Keywords:
Battery Energy Storage SystemModbusenergy management systemflexibility marketsphotovoltaicprosumerwattmeter emulation

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