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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 11, 2026

Continuous-Wave Propagation Channel-Sounding Measurement System - Testing, Verification, and Measurements

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Published on: June 25, 2021

Assessing BeiDou-3 PPP-B2b with Signal-in-Space Ranging Error (SISRE) and Its Performances in Positioning and ZTD

Guangxing Wang^1,2, Fen Li², Wenhai Zhou²

¹Key Laboratory of Smart Earth, Beijing 100094, China.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)

|November 13, 2025

Summary

BeiDou-3's PPP-B2b service offers real-time precise point positioning (RT-PPP) using satellite signals, bypassing ground networks. This space-based precise service achieves centimeter-level accuracy for positioning and ZTD estimation.

Keywords:

BDS PPP-B2b differential code bias (DCB)signal-in-space ranging error (SISRE)zenith total delay (ZTD)

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Last Updated: Jan 11, 2026

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Published on: May 2, 2018

Area of Science:

Geodesy and Geomatics Engineering
Satellite Navigation Systems
Geophysical Parameter Estimation

Background:

The BeiDou-3 Navigation Satellite System (BDS-3) introduced the PPP-B2b service for real-time precise point positioning (RT-PPP).
This service transmits correction data via B2b signals, reducing dependence on ground-based infrastructure.
Evaluating the accuracy of PPP-B2b correction parameters is crucial for its application in positioning and atmospheric studies.

Purpose of the Study:

To comprehensively assess the accuracy of PPP-B2b correction parameters.
To evaluate the impact of PPP-B2b on real-time precise point positioning (RT-PPP) accuracy.
To determine the effectiveness of PPP-B2b in estimating tropospheric zenith total delay (ZTD).

Main Methods:

Analysis of BeiDou-3 (BDS-3) and Global Positioning System (GPS) satellite orbit and clock data derived from PPP-B2b corrections.
Comparison of PPP-B2b derived Differential Code Bias (DCB) products with reference datasets (CAS, CNES).
Execution of kinematic PPP experiments using combined GPS and BDS-3 observations for positioning and ZTD estimation.

Main Results:

PPP-B2b DCB products show high consistency with CAS reference data (avg. diff. < 1.2 ns, std. dev. < 0.11 ns).
BDS-3 satellite orbit and clock accuracy from PPP-B2b outperform CNES real-time products (orbit: 0.07 m, clock: 0.17 ns).
Kinematic PPP achieved horizontal and vertical positioning accuracies of 4.3 cm and 2.8 cm (GPS+BDS-3), and ZTD accuracy of 1.8 cm (GPS+BDS-3).

Conclusions:

The PPP-B2b service demonstrates robust performance, achieving centimeter-level accuracy in RT-PPP and ZTD estimation.
It shows significant potential as an independent, space-based precise positioning service.
Further enhancements are needed for optimal performance in GPS-only positioning scenarios.