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Related Concept Videos

Formation of Complex Ions03:45

Formation of Complex Ions

A type of Lewis acid-base chemistry involves the formation of a complex ion (or a coordination complex) comprising a central atom, typically a transition metal cation, surrounded by ions or molecules called ligands. These ligands can be neutral molecules like H2O or NH3, or ions such as CN− or OH−. Often, the ligands act as Lewis bases, donating a pair of electrons to the central atom. These types of Lewis acid-base reactions are examples of a broad subdiscipline called coordination...

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Characterization of Electrode Materials for Lithium Ion and Sodium Ion Batteries Using Synchrotron Radiation Techniques
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Single-Atom Engineering for Synergistic Nucleation and Interfacial Regulation Enabling Durable Anode-Free Sodium

Shenghui Zhou1, Zhefei Sun1, Jiaming Zhang1

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China.

Advanced Materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)
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Summary

Researchers developed a novel sodium metal host using bismuth single atoms to stabilize anode-free sodium metal batteries (AFSMBs). This strategy enhances battery stability and energy density by controlling sodium plating and solid electrolyte interphase formation.

Keywords:
anode‐freehostsingle atomsodium metal batterysolid electrolyte interphase film

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Energy Storage

Background:

  • Anode-free sodium metal batteries (AFSMBs) offer high energy density and low cost but suffer from dendrite growth and unstable solid electrolyte interphase (SEI).
  • Developing stable sodium metal hosts is crucial for practical AFSMB applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design a robust and reversible sodium metal host for AFSMBs.
  • To improve the stability and Coulombic efficiency of AFSMBs by controlling sodium nucleation and SEI formation.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of a novel material (Bi-N3S1@CT) featuring single bismuth atoms coordinated on carbon tubes.
  • Electrochemical testing of symmetric cells and anode-free pouch cells.
  • Theoretical calculations and experimental analysis to understand SEI formation and sodium behavior.

Main Results:

  • The Bi-N3S1@CT host demonstrated highly reversible sodium plating/stripping with an average Coulombic efficiency of 99.6% over 900 cycles.
  • Achieved long-term stability of 1000 hours in symmetric cells.
  • Anode-free pouch cells showed good cyclability and rate capability.

Conclusions:

  • Atomic-level regulation of sodiophilicity and SEI engineering using single bismuth atoms is a promising strategy for enhancing AFSMB performance.
  • The developed material significantly improves the stability and energy density of AFSMBs.