Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 11, 2026
Dynamic Quantitative Sensory Testing to Characterize Central Pain Processing
Published on: February 16, 2017
Murottal and Classical Music Effect on Pain: Clinical Trial
M M Rudi Prihatno1, Guruh Perkasa1, Hermin Prihartini1
1Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Medical Faculty of Jenderal Soedirman University, Purwokerto, Central Java, Indonesia.
Background:
Indonesia has the highest incidence of fractures in Southeast Asia, reaching 1.3 million cases per year, with a prevalence of 5.5% in 2020, predominantly involving lower extremity fractures. Uncontrolled pain can reduce rehabilitation effectiveness and increase the risk of complications.
Purpose:
In some cases, long-term use of analgesics can cause detrimental side effects, necessitating the search for alternatives. Another alternative in this study, adapted to local conditions and culture, is listening to Quranic recitals accompanied by classical music. The objective of this study is to examine the effect of Quranic recitation and classical music on the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) pain score and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels in patients undergoing lower extremity orthopedic surgery under intrathecal anesthesia.
Methods:
A double-blind, randomized controlled trial (RCT) was conducted at Prof. Dr. Margono Soekarjo Hospital in Purwokerto, Central Java, Indonesia. Patients undergoing elective lower extremity orthopedic surgery who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were randomly assigned to three groups: Group A (murottal with standard care, n = 11), Group B (classical music with standard care, n = 11), and Group C (control without music therapy with standard care, n = 11). The study compared IL-6 levels 30 minutes before and 30 minutes after surgery, as well as pain levels NRS measured 4 hours postoperatively (pre- and post-intervention) in lower extremity orthopedic surgery patients.
Results:
A significant difference was observed, showing that murottal reduced NRS with a p-value of <0.05 (p = 0.003), and classical music also reduced NRS with a p-value of <0.05 (p = 0.003), compared to the control group, which had a p-value of >0.05 (p = 1.000), there was no significant effect of murottal on IL-6 levels (p > 0.05, p = 0.277) or classical music on IL-6 levels (p > 0.05, p = 0.740) in patients undergoing lower extremity orthopedic surgery.
Conclusion:
The study results indicate the use of murottal and classical music for pain management provides better effects compared to no music intervention, there was no significant effect of murottal and classical music on IL-6 levels.
