Accuracy and dental anxiety assessment of digital impression among pediatric patients

The aim of this study was twofold. First, it sought to compare the inter-canine distance measured on digital models generated by a digital scanner with those obtained from cast models made using alginate impressions of pediatric patients. Second, it aimed to compare the level of dental anxiety associated with the two impression techniques.

The study population consisted of 50 patients aged 9-13 years who visited the Department of Pedodontics for dental treatment. Both alginate and digital impressions were taken consecutively for each patient. The five-point Facial Image Scale (FIS) was administered at baseline and after each impression technique. Pulse rate and oxygen saturation levels were measured, and the highest values were recorded. Inter-canine distances were measured on digital models, plaster casts, and intraorally (the latter serving as the gold standard). The two impression methods were compared in terms of dental anxiety and measurement accuracy. The Kruskal-Wallis H test was used to compare data between groups.

Digital measurements were significantly higher than intraoral and alginate measurements, while intraoral and alginate measurements did not differ significantly. When FIS scores were compared, the alginate impression method resulted in higher mean scores than the digital method, indicating a higher level of dental anxiety (p = 0.026). There was no statistically significant difference between the two methods in terms of oxygen saturation levels (p = 0.27). However, the mean pulse rates recorded during the alginate impressions were significantly higher than those recorded during the digital impressions (p = 0.001).

The digital impression method may be preferred over alginate impressions to enhance treatment adherence in children by offering a more patient-friendly approach.