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Updated: Jan 11, 2026

Self-Nanoemulsification of Healthy Oils to Enhance the Solubility of Lipophilic Drugs
Published on: July 27, 2022
A comparative study on stevioside- and rubusoside-assisted micellar solubilization of clofazimine for physicochemical
Seong-Jin Hong1,2, Hye-Su An3, Bo-Ram Park4
1Research Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea.
Abstract:
This study compares the micellization and encapsulation abilities of stevioside (STE) and rubusoside (RUB) for enhancing the solubility, stability, and bioavailability of clofazimine (CFZ), a poorly water-soluble antibiotic. CFZ-loaded micelles were prepared and characterized by FT-IR, XRD, DSC, SEM, and NMR. RUB showed a lower critical micelle concentration and significantly improved CFZ solubility (up to 2.06 mg/mL) compared to STE. CFZ-RUB complexes offered greater protection against UV and oxidative degradation. In vitro release tests indicated sustained and enhanced CFZ release in simulated gastrointestinal fluids. CFZ-RUB also showed higher permeability across Caco-2 cell monolayers (62.5 %) and reduced cytotoxicity versus free CFZ. These results suggest that RUB's amphiphilic structure facilitates stable micelle formation and efficient drug loading. Overall, RUB presents a promising natural solubilizer and oral delivery vehicle for lipophilic bioactives in food and pharmaceutical applications, providing new insights into the structure-function roles of steviol glycosides.
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